The Science of Sympathy: Morality, Evolution and Victorian Civilisation

同情科学（SOS）在科学、医学和社会实践的背景下探索情感、痛苦和道德的历史之间的联系。它始于2013年，现在有五个主要组成部分：1。专著《同情的科学：道德、进化与维多利亚文明》；2. 《现代史上的痛苦与情感》（已出版）是一本关于情感痛苦（同情、同情、怜悯、恐惧、悲伤）以及在比较历史背景下由此产生的实践的编辑文集；3. 一个关于天花疫苗之父爱德华·詹纳的小传记；4. 全面介绍疼痛的历史，从古代到现在，为牛津大学出版社的非常短的介绍系列。5. 两篇关于科学、同情和自我在科学和医学对情感理解转变的背景下的关系的文章。SOS旨在继续揭示维多利亚时代科学道德建构的情感基础，将范围扩展到达尔文开创性干预之前。达尔文的理论被用来支持活体解剖、强制接种疫苗和优生学，但也被用来作为反对所有这些事情的手段。为了证明早期达尔文思想的不连贯性，SOS汇集了各种关于同情的进化概念，试图探索这种情感和道德危机的社会、个人和实际含义。在19世纪末和20世纪初，SOS为接近道德历史提供了一个新的史学框架，它的目标是进一步发展这个史学框架，将其扩展到更长时间的科学和医学史中更普遍的问题。SOS还旨在采用情感的历史方法，以广泛的历史和全球范围（古代到当代医学科学）来解决疼痛（身体和情感）的大问题。

Science of Sympathy (SOS) explores the connection among the history of emotions, pain, and morality in the context of scientific, medical and social practices. It began in 2013 and now has five major components: 1. A monograph, The Science of Sympathy: Morality, Evolution and Victorian Civilisation; 2. An edited collection of essays on emotional pain - sympathy, compassion, pity, fear, grief - and the practices that arise from it in comparative historical contexts, under the title Pain and Emotion in Modern History (already published); 3. A small biography of the father of small pox vaccination, Edward Jenner; 4. A comprehensive introduction to the history of pain, from antiquity to the present, for Oxford University Press's Very Short Introduction series. 5. Two articles on the relation of science, sympathy and the self in the context of shifting scientific and medical understandings of emotions. SOS aims to continue to uncover the emotional underpinnings of Victorian scientific constructions of morality, extending the scope back before the seminal intervention of Darwin. Darwin's theories were used to support vivisection, compulsory vaccination and eugenics, but also held up as a means to oppose all these things. Having drawn together the various evolutionary notions of sympathy, to demonstrate the incoherence of early Darwinian thinking, SOS seeks to explore the social, personal and practical implications of this emotional and moral crisis. Having delivered a new historiographical framework for approaching the history of morality in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, SOS aims further to develop this historiographical framework, extending it to more general questions in the history of science and medicine in the longue durée. SOS also aims to employ a history of emotions approach to the big question of pain (physical and emotional) with a broad historical and global scope (antiquity to contemporary medical science).