Collaborative Research: Diel physiological rhythms in a tropical oceanic copepod

合作研究：热带海洋桡足类的昼夜生理节律

• 批准号: 1829318
• 负责人: Amy Maas
• 金额: $ 53.5万
• 依托单位: Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS), Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2021-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829318&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Diel; physiological; rhythms

The daily vertical migration (DMV) of zooplankton and fish across hundreds of meters between shallow and deep waters is a predominant pattern in pelagic ecosystems. This migration has consequences for biogeochemical cycling as it moves a substantial portion of fixed carbon and nitrogen (an estimated 15 to 40 % of the total global organic export) from the surface directly to depth where it feeds the midwater food chain and sequesters nutrients away from atmospheric mixing. Estimates and predictions of these fluxes are, however, poorly understood at present. New observations have shown that one source of uncertainty is due to the assumption that metabolic rates and processes do not vary over the course of the day, except based on changes in temperature and oxygen availability. Rates are, however, also driven by differences in feeding, swimming behavior, and underlying circadian cycles. The objective of this project is to improve the ability of scientists to understand and predict zooplankton contributions to the movement of carbon and nitrogen in the ocean by detailing daily changes in physiological processes of these organisms. By producing a set of respiration and excretion measurements over a daily time series, paired with simultaneously collected gene and protein expression patterns for an abundant vertically migratory species, the investigators will provide unprecedented and predictive insight into how changes in the environment affect the contribution of zooplankton to biogeochemical fluxes. The sampling design of the project will advance discovery and understanding by providing hands-on training opportunities to at least two undergraduate researchers. The project will broaden dissemination of the research via development of an educational module, focusing on rhythms in the ocean. The module will initially be piloted with the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) summer camp students and then disseminated through the BIOS Explorer program, the Teacher Resources Page on the BIOS website, and published in a peer-reviewed educational journal.This project will characterize the metabolic consequences of daily physiological rhythms and DVM for a model zooplankton species, the abundant subtropical copepod Pleuromamma xiphias. Flux processes (oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, production of ammonium and fecal pellet production) will be interrogated using directed experiments testing the effects of temperature, feeding and circadian cycle. Circadian cycling will further be examined using transcriptomic and proteomic profiling. These experiments will be related to field samples taken at 6-h intervals over the course of the diel migration using an integrated suite of molecular and organismal metrics. Combined organismal, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles will provide an understanding of which metabolic pathways and associated flux products vary in relation to particular environmental variables (food, light cycle, temperature). Diel variation in metabolic rates will also be assessed across seasons and species using other important migratory groups (pteropod, euphausiid, and another copepod). The metabolic data will then be contextualized with abundance estimates from archived depth-stratified tows to allow scaling to community-level patterns and will be used to improve calculations of zooplankton contribution to particulate organic carbon, nitrogen and respiratory active flux. The results of this study will both improve our flux estimates and provide predictive insight into how various environmental variables influence the underlying physiological pathways generating carbon and nitrogen flux.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

浮游动物和深水之间数百米的浮游动物和鱼的每日垂直迁移（DMV）是上层生态系统中的主要模式。这种迁移对生物地球化学循环产生了影响，因为它可以将很大一部分固定碳和氮（估计估计全球有机有机出口出口的15％至40％）从直接到深度到深度，在该深度中喂养中间食物链，并在该深度中喂食大气混合。但是，目前对这些通量的估计和预测尚未理解。新的观察结果表明，一种不确定性的来源是由于假设代谢率和过程在一天的过程中不会有所不同，除了基于温度和氧气可用性的变化。但是，速率也受到进食，游泳行为和潜在昼夜节律的差异的驱动。该项目的目的是通过详细详细介绍这些生物体生理过程的每日变化来提高科学家理解和预测海洋中碳和氮的贡献的能力。通过在每日时间序列上产生一组呼吸和排泄测量，并与丰富的垂直迁移物种的同时收集的基因和蛋白质表达模式配对，研究人员将提供前所未有的预测性洞察力，以洞悉环境的变化如何影响浮游生物对生物体晶体的贡献。该项目的抽样设计将通过为至少两名本科研究人员提供动手培训机会来提高发现和理解。该项目将通过开发教育模块来扩大研究的传播，重点关注海洋的节奏。该模块最初将通过Bermuda海洋科学研究所（BIOS）夏令营学生进行试验，然后通过BIOS Explorer计划，BIOS网站上的教师资源页面进行分解，并在同行评审的教育期刊上发表。本项目将表征每日物理学的subloxtial subloxtial sublant sublank Zooplanktin的代谢后果。胸膜Xiphias。通量过程（氧气消耗，二氧化碳的产生，铵的产生和粪便产生）将使用定向实验来询问温度，喂养和昼夜节律周期的影响。将使用转录组和蛋白质组学分析进一步检查昼夜节律。这些实验将与使用分子和有机体指标的集成套件在DIEL迁移过程中以6小时的间隔进行的现场样品有关。结合有机体，转录组和蛋白质组学特征将提供对特定环境变量（食物，光周期，温度）不同的代谢途径和相关通量产物的理解。还将使用其他重要的迁徙群体（pteropod，euphausiid和另一种copepod）评估代谢率的DIEL变化。然后，将通过存档深度分层的tows进行丰度的估计来对代谢数据进行上下文，从而允许缩放到社区级别的模式，并将用于改善浮游动物对颗粒有机碳，氮气和呼吸活性活性通量的计算。这项研究的结果既可以改善我们的通量估计值，又提供了有关各种环境变量如何影响产生碳和氮通量的潜在生理途径的预测见解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识优点和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Morphological and taxonomic diversity of mesozooplankton is an important driver of carbon export fluxes in the ocean

• DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13907
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology Resources
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Margaux Perhirin;Hannah Gossner;Jessica Godfrey;Rod Johnson;L. Blanco-Bercial;S. Ayata

Diel metabolic patterns in a migratory oceanic copepod

迁徙的海洋桡足类动物的昼夜代谢模式

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2021.151643
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Tarrant, Ann M.;McNamara-Bordewick, Nora;Blanco-Bercial, Leocadio;Miccoli, Andrea;Maas, Amy E.
• 通讯作者: Maas, Amy E.

Use of optical imaging datasets to assess biogeochemical contributions of the mesozooplankton

使用光学成像数据集评估中型浮游动物的生物地球化学贡献

• DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbab037
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Plankton Research
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Maas, Amy E;Gossner, Hannah;Smith, Maisie J;Blanco-Bercial, Leocadio
• 通讯作者: Blanco-Bercial, Leocadio