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RUI: Theoretical Studies of Qubit-Based Environmental Noise Characterization in Solid State Devices

RUI：固态器件中基于量子比特的环境噪声表征的理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
1829430
负责人：
Guy Ramon
金额：
$ 14.3万
依托单位：
Santa Clara University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829430&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Theoretical Studies Qubit Based

项目摘要

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYThe manipulation of quantum mechanical states opens new possibilities for devices that require quantum mechanics to understand and predict their operation. Applications include quantum information processing, communication, and sensing. Exploiting characteristics of nanoscale solid-state systems that have a quantum mechanical origin is hampered by decoherence, a process that spoils the properties of quantum mechanical states through the uncontrolled interactions between the quantum system and its environment. In recent years a new paradigm to address the issue of decoherence has emerged. Researchers have turned the problem on its head. Rather than using qubits - the fundamental unit of information in a quantum computer to do quantum computation, researchers are using qubits as sensitive probes to extract valuable information about fundamental noise mechanisms.This award supports a theoretical research and undergraduate education program aimed at improving current methods of characterizing noise by elucidating some of the main open questions in noise theory in the context of quantum environments. The outcomes of this research may have impact on quantum-mechanics-based technologies including quantum computation, quantum communication, and quantum metrology. Noise spectroscopy techniques developed in this research may influence the design of the next generation of multiqubit devices, which are expected to be exposed to more complicated noise environments.The program supported through this award will be carried out at Santa Clara University, a Primarily Undergraduate Institution, and will provide educational opportunities for undergraduate students through independent research projects throughout its duration. Students will participate in cutting-edge physics research that will train them in advanced theoretical methods and high-end numerical analysis. A variety of theoretical methods and work modalities will ensure that students will pursue multiple and independent lines of investigation so that self-contained research projects can be completed within a full-time summer period. Participating students will be exposed to the leading experimental and theoretical endeavors in the highly vibrant and interdisciplinary research field of quantum computing.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and undergraduate education focused on qubit-based environmental noise characterization. The research is aimed to elucidate some of the main open questions in noise detection techniques that utilize qubit readouts under properly chosen dynamical decoupling (DD) pulse sequences to effectively scan the noise power spectrum. Studies will aim at enhancing the resolution and extending the applicability of these DD noise spectroscopy (DDNS) techniques.DDNS protocols for polyspectra reconstruction will be designed to detect signatures of non-Gaussian noise. The method will be applied to study charge fluctuations in solid-state quantum systems, where it can be used as a sensitive tool to map the locations and characteristics of local fluctuators. In a different application, non-Gaussian noise spectroscopy will be used to improve nuclear spin detection using nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond. Multiqubit DDNS techniques will be developed to resolve multiple noise sources and to detect quantum noise in strongly coupled environments. These methods will be applied to study quantum models of interacting fluctuators, revisiting the spin-fluctuator model. The problem of two transverse noises will be analyzed under a general framework, accounting for both dephasing and dissipation, appropriate for a general qubit working point. The theory will be applied to the commonly encountered scenario of quantum dot singlet-triplet spin qubits simultaneously afflicted by charge and nuclear noises. Finally, venturing outside DDNS, other qubit-based methods for environmental noise characterization will be explored, including spin-locking based spectroscopy of continuously driven qubits and correlated projective measurements.The program supported through this award will be carried out at Santa Clara University and will provide educational opportunities for undergraduate students through independent research projects throughout its duration. Students at this primarily-undergraduate institution will become familiar with noise theory, semiconductor physics and foundational quantum mechanics, and will be exposed to a wide range of analytical and numerical methods. Because of the scientific and technological importance of these topics, students will benefit from a research experience that will prepare them for a wide variety of careers in academia and industry.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

量子力学态的操纵为需要量子力学来理解和预测其运行的设备打开了新的可能性。应用包括量子信息处理、通信和传感。利用具有量子力学起源的纳米级固态系统的特性受到退相干的阻碍，退相干是一个通过量子系统与其环境之间不受控制的相互作用而破坏量子力学状态特性的过程。近年来出现了一种解决退相干问题的新范式。研究人员已经彻底解决了这个问题。研究人员没有使用量子比特（量子计算机中的基本信息单位）来进行量子计算，而是使用量子比特作为敏感探针来提取有关基本噪声机制的有价值信息。该奖项支持理论研究和本科教育计划，旨在通过阐明量子环境下噪声理论中的一些主要开放问题来改进当前表征噪声的方法。本研究成果可能对量子计算、量子通信、量子计量等基于量子力学的技术产生影响。本研究开发的噪声光谱技术可能会影响下一代多量子位器件的设计，这些器件预计将暴露在更复杂的噪声环境中。该奖项支持的项目将在主要本科院校圣克拉拉大学开展，并将在整个项目期间通过独立研究项目为本科生提供教育机会。学生将参加尖端的物理研究，这将训练他们在先进的理论方法和高端数值分析。多种理论方法和工作模式将确保学生将追求多个和独立的调查线，使独立的研究项目可以在一个全日制暑期期间完成。参与的学生将接触到高度活跃的跨学科量子计算研究领域的领先实验和理论努力。该奖项支持基于量子比特的环境噪声表征的理论研究和本科教育。该研究旨在阐明在适当选择的动态解耦（DD）脉冲序列下利用量子位读出有效扫描噪声功率谱的噪声检测技术中的一些主要开放性问题。研究将旨在提高这些DD噪声光谱（DDNS）技术的分辨率和适用性。用于多光谱重建的DDNS协议将被设计用于检测非高斯噪声的特征。该方法将被应用于研究固态量子系统中的电荷波动，在那里它可以作为一种敏感的工具来绘制局部波动子的位置和特征。在另一个不同的应用中，非高斯噪声光谱将用于利用金刚石中的氮空位中心改进核自旋检测。将开发多量子位DDNS技术来解决多个噪声源并在强耦合环境中检测量子噪声。这些方法将用于研究相互作用涨落子的量子模型，重新审视自旋涨落子模型。两个横向噪声的问题将在一个通用的框架下进行分析，考虑到去相和耗散，适用于一个通用的量子比特工作点。该理论将应用于量子点单重态和三重态自旋量子比特同时受到电荷和核噪声影响的常见情况。最后，在DDNS之外，将探索其他基于量子比特的环境噪声表征方法，包括基于自旋锁定的连续驱动量子比特光谱和相关投影测量。该奖项支持的项目将在圣克拉拉大学开展，并将在整个项目期间通过独立研究项目为本科生提供教育机会。学生将熟悉噪声理论，半导体物理和基础量子力学，并将接触到广泛的分析和数值方法。由于这些主题在科学和技术上的重要性，学生将受益于研究经验，这将为他们在学术界和工业界的各种职业生涯做好准备。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。