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Collaborative Research: Quantifying the trophic roles of epipelagic ctenophores

合作研究：量化上层栉水母的营养作用

基本信息

批准号：
1829945
负责人：
Brad Gemmell
金额：
$ 28.78万
依托单位：
University of South Florida
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829945&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Quantifying trophic roles

项目摘要

Ctenophores are gelatinous predators found throughout the world's oceans, and their predatory impacts can profoundly affect planktonic communities. A variety of methods employed marine scientists have converged to demonstrate the key roles these animals play in determining planktonic composition and energy flows in coastal systems. The role of oceanic ctenophores, however, is still sparsely documented. Oceanic ctenophores are characterized by more delicate gelatinous bodies that usually do not survive capture by conventional nets and do not perform naturally when transferred from their wall-less oceanic environment to shipboard bottles and containers. The difficulty in obtaining quantitative measurements on feeding by oceanic species has limited the ability to understand the role of these organisms in oceanic systems. This project will transform the capabilities to quantify key processes of oceanic ctenophores with in situ studies. However, ctenophores are not the only delicate oceanic animals that will benefit from developing advanced in situ methods. Similar techniques and approaches can be applied to other groups such as cnidarian siphonophores, pelagic molluscs, marine snow and large protists such as radiolarians. Additionally, successful application of these methods by divers will open the path for applications on Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) and other submersibles that can greatly extend the depth and range of the techniques. Training of new scientists will involve postdoctoral, graduate and undergraduates. The investigators will broaden public science outreach by using contacts with media and aquariums involved in public education to communicate new findings to a wide public audience.This project will address the challenge of obtaining information about the role and activity of pelagic oceanic ctenophores by adapting methods developed in the laboratory and employing them in a field setting. The investigators have adapted high-speed, high-resolution imaging and fluid-mechanics methods to the animal?s in situ environment. These methods are particularly appropriate for field measurements of animals that are intractable for controlled laboratory studies and must be studied in situ, such as oceanic ctenophores. The goal in this project will be to apply high-speed, in situ particle image velocimetry (PIV) and bright field imaging systems to study a suite of oceanic ctenophores possessing distinct morphologies with potentially variable trophic roles to quantify: a) their flow and feeding mechanics; b) their ingestion rates and prey selection; and c) their trophic impacts. The results will enable inclusion of about the activities of these widespread and important animals in models of epipelagic food web dynamics.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

鞭毛虫是一种在世界海洋中发现的胶状捕食者，它们的捕食性影响可以深刻地影响浮游生物群落。海洋科学家使用的各种方法汇聚在一起，展示了这些动物在确定沿海系统的浮游生物组成和能量流动方面所起的关键作用。然而，大洋鞭毛虫的作用仍然鲜有文献记载。海洋纤毛虫的特点是更细腻的胶状体，通常不能在常规渔网捕获后存活下来，从无壁海洋环境转移到船上的瓶子和集装箱时也不能自然发挥作用。获取海洋物种摄食的定量测量的困难限制了了解这些生物在海洋系统中的作用的能力。该项目将通过现场研究改变量化大洋水母关键过程的能力。然而，鞭毛虫并不是唯一受益于开发先进的原位方法的脆弱的海洋动物。类似的技术和方法也可应用于其他类群，如管水母类、远洋软体动物、海洋雪类和大型原生动物，如放射虫。此外，潜水员成功应用这些方法将为遥控潜水器(ROV)和其他潜水器的应用开辟道路，从而极大地扩展技术的深度和范围。新科学家的培训将涉及博士后、研究生和本科生。调查人员将利用与媒体和参与公共教育的水族馆的接触，扩大公共科学宣传范围，向广大公众传播新的发现。该项目将通过采用实验室制定的方法并在实地使用，解决获取有关远洋纤毛虫的作用和活动的信息这一挑战。研究人员将高速、高分辨率成像和流体力学方法应用到动物-S的原位环境中。这些方法特别适用于对难以控制的实验室研究和必须在现场研究的动物进行现场测量，例如海洋鞭毛虫。该项目的目标将是应用高速、现场粒子图像测速(PIV)和亮场成像系统来研究一组具有不同形态和潜在不同营养作用的海洋鞭毛虫，以量化：a)它们的流动和摄食机制；b)它们的摄食率和猎物选择；以及c)它们的营养影响。这一结果将使这些广泛而重要的动物的活动能够被纳入远洋食物链动态的模型中。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（16）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Hydrodynamics of Vortex Generation during Bell Contraction by the Hydromedusa Eutonina indicans (Romanes, 1876)

DOI：
10.3390/biomimetics4030044
发表时间：
2019-09-01
期刊：
BIOMIMETICS
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Costello, John H.;Colin, Sean P.;Dabiri, John O.
通讯作者：
Dabiri, John O.

Propulsive design principles in a multi-jet siphonophore

多喷管管推进器的推进设计原理

DOI：
10.1242/jeb.198242
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
The Journal of Experimental Biology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Sutherland, Kelly R.;Gemmell, Brad J.;Colin, Sean P.;Costello, John H.
通讯作者：
Costello, John H.

Oceanic lobate ctenophores possess feeding mechanics similar to the impactful coastal species Mnemiopsis leidyi

海洋叶状栉水母具有与有影响力的沿海物种 Mnemiopsis leidyi 类似的摄食机制

DOI：
10.1002/lno.12232
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Limnology and Oceanography
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Cordeiro, Malaika;Costello, John H.;Gemmell, Brad J.;Sutherland, Kelly R.;Colin, Sean P.
通讯作者：
Colin, Sean P.

Developing Biohybrid Robotic Jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) for Free-swimming Tests in the Laboratory and in the Field

开发生物混合机器人水母（Aurelia aurita），用于实验室和现场的自由游泳测试

DOI：
10.21769/bioprotoc.3974
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
BIO-PROTOCOL
影响因子：
0.8
作者：
Xu, Nicole;Townsend, James;Costello, John;Colin, Sean;Gemmell, Brad;Dabiri, John
通讯作者：
Dabiri, John

Ink Release and Swimming Behavior in the Oceanic Ctenophore Eurhamphaea vexilligera

海洋栉水母 Eurhamphaea vexilligera 的墨水释放和游泳行为

DOI：
10.1086/709504
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
The Biological Bulletin
影响因子：
0
作者：
Townsend, J. P.;Gemmell, B. J.;Sutherland, K. R.;Colin, S. P.;Costello, J. H.
通讯作者：
Costello, J. H.