Dimensions: Collaborative Research: the role of microbial biodiversity in controlling nitrous oxide emissions from soils

维度：合作研究：微生物多样性在控制土壤一氧化二氮排放中的作用

• 批准号: 1831599
• 负责人: Frank Loeffler
• 金额: $ 59.92万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1831599&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Collaborative; Research; role; microbial

Despite the vast amount of microbial biodiversity on Earth, the links among the number of microbial species, their genetic diversity, and ecosystem function remain poorly understood. Soils play an important role in sustaining human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the function of the large number of bacterial species in the soil. To provide new insights into the relationship between microbial species and soil function, this project will focus on the reduction of a potent greenhouse gas called nitrous oxide. The reduction of nitrous oxide is a key function of soil microbes. This reduction step determines how much of this greenhouse gas is emitted to the atmosphere from the soil. The recent discovery of a new set of genes, organisms, and pathways that reduce nitrous oxide provides an opportunity to make progress on understanding this function. This project will train undergraduate students and graduate students, including individuals from under-represented groups from Puerto Rico. The training would include workshops, research opportunities, and a Research Experience for Undergraduates program at three institutions. The project also provides outreach opportunities to the general public through established K to Gray programs. Finally, the research from this study will provide society benefits in two ways. First, it will provide a mechanistic understanding of the controls on the production of an important greenhouse gas (nitrous oxide). Second, it will help understand an important loss pathway of nitrogen, the single most limiting nutrient on Earth.This project will test the hypothesis that the amount of taxonomic and genetic diversity in the nitrous oxide reductase gene is necessary for specialization due to different substrate and environmental conditions in the soil. The ultimate goal is to predict both nitrous oxide reduction rates and nitrous oxide emissions from the genetic and phylogenetic diversity of soil microbes. The proposal will focus on two study sites- one in Illinois and one in Puerto Rico- and measure the abundances and activities of nitrous oxide-reducing taxa and genes in the soils. Simultaneous measurements of nitrous oxide emission rates in a variety of environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture, and nutrient levels, will allow the biotic and abiotic drivers of this reaction to be separated. The predicted rates of nitrous oxide consumption from a multivariate statistical analysis will be tested with independently measured rates by isotope-based methodology. This will allow assessment of the robust model of the microbial and environmental controls of the fate of nitrous oxide.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

尽管地球上有大量的微生物生物多样性，但人们对微生物物种数量、它们的遗传多样性和生态系统功能之间的联系知之甚少。土壤在维持人类健康方面发挥着重要作用。因此，了解土壤中大量细菌种类的功能就显得尤为重要。为了对微生物物种和土壤功能之间的关系提供新的见解，该项目将专注于减少一种名为一氧化二氮的强效温室气体。一氧化二氮的还原是土壤微生物的一项关键功能。这一减排步骤决定了有多少温室气体从土壤中排放到大气中。最近发现的一组新的基因、生物体和途径可以减少一氧化二氮，这为理解这一功能提供了一个机会。该项目将培训本科生和研究生，包括来自波多黎各代表性不足群体的个人。培训将包括研讨会、研究机会和在三所机构的本科生研究经验项目。该项目还通过已建立的“从K到Gray”项目向公众提供推广机会。最后，本研究的研究将在两个方面提供社会效益。首先，它将提供对一种重要温室气体（一氧化二氮）生产控制的机制理解。其次，它将有助于了解氮的重要流失途径，氮是地球上最具限制性的营养物质。该项目将检验一种假设，即由于土壤中不同的基质和环境条件，氧化亚氮还原酶基因的分类和遗传多样性的数量是专业化所必需的。最终目标是从土壤微生物的遗传和系统发育多样性中预测一氧化二氮的还原速率和一氧化二氮的排放。该提案将集中在两个研究地点——一个在伊利诺斯州，一个在波多黎各——并测量土壤中减少一氧化二氮的分类群和基因的丰度和活动。同时测量一氧化二氮在各种环境条件下的排放率，如温度、湿度和营养水平，将允许分离该反应的生物和非生物驱动因素。多变量统计分析预测的一氧化二氮消耗率将用基于同位素的方法独立测量的速率进行检验。这将允许对微生物和环境控制氧化亚氮命运的稳健模型进行评估。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Inhibition of Methylmercury and Methane Formation by Nitrous Oxide in Arctic Tundra Soil Microcosms

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09457
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Lijie Zhang;Yongchao Yin;Yanchen Sun;Xujun Liang;D. E. Graham;E. Pierce;F. Löffler;B. Gu

Cometabolic Vinyl Chloride Degradation at Acidic pH Catalyzed by Acidophilic Methanotrophs Isolated from Alpine Peat Bogs

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08766
• 发表时间: 2021-04-12
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Choi, Munjeong;Yun, Taeho;Yoon, Sukhwan
• 通讯作者: Yoon, Sukhwan

Metagenomic Characterization of Soil Microbial Communities in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (Puerto Rico) and Implications for Nitrogen Cycling

• DOI: 10.1128/aem.00546-21
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: S. Karthikeyan;Luis H. Orellana;E. Johnston;J. Hatt;F. Löffler;Héctor L. Ayala-del-Rı́o;G. González;K. Konstantinidis

Comparing DNA, RNA and protein levels for measuring microbial dynamics in soil microcosms amended with nitrogen fertilizer

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53679-0
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: Scientific Reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Luis H. Orellana;J. Hatt;Ramsunder Iyer;K. Chourey;R. Hettich;J. Spain;Wendy H. Yang;J. Chee-Sanford;R. Sanford;F. Löffler;K. Konstantinidis

Impact of Fixed Nitrogen Availability on Dehalococcoides mccartyi Reductive Dechlorination Activity

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04463
• 发表时间: 2019-12-17
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Kaya, Devrim;Kjellerup, Birthe V.;Loffler, Frank E.
• 通讯作者: Loffler, Frank E.