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Collaborative Research: Repeated Evolution of Color Vision in Jumping Spiders: An Integrated Approach to Understanding Diversification of Visual Systems and Signals

合作研究：跳蛛色觉的重复进化：理解视觉系统和信号多样化的综合方法

基本信息

批准号：
1831767
负责人：
Nathan Morehouse
金额：
$ 102.87万
依托单位：
University of Cincinnati Main Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-15 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1831767&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Repeated Evolution Color

项目摘要

Color vision has evolved repeatedly across the animal kingdom, yet how and why it evolves remains poorly understood. Even less is known about how major transitions in color vision influence the evolution of color signals used in communication, such as the colorful displays that males use when courting females. The proposed research capitalizes on a unique opportunity to gain deeper understanding on these fronts: the repeated evolution of color vision in the spider family Salticidae, often called jumping spiders. The research program will (1) address outstanding questions about species relationships in the Salticidae, (2) use this improved understanding of species relationships to illuminate patterns of evolution in color vision, (3) quantify the genetic and functional bases of shifts in color vision, (4) test key hypotheses about the foraging benefits associated with color vision, and (5) investigate whether differences in color vision result in predictable changes to color use during signaling. Such connections have proven to be elusive in other well-studied systems (e.g. primates), but should be of widespread interest. In addition, the research team will partner with the science-media company Day's Edge Productions and a coalition of four museums led by the Cincinnati Museum Center to engage the broader public in the science of color and vision through a series of short films, a content-rich website, and a portfolio of educational activities for use in classrooms, community programming, and museum exhibit spaces. This integrated research program thus addresses key unanswered questions about how and why animals see color, while at the same time engaging the public in the process and outcomes of its discoveries.The proposed research will provide significant advances across a number of distinct scientific fields, and novel insights into phenotypic diversification through integration across these fields. First, the research will provide critical new phylogenetic information for understanding salticid diversity, including resolution of deep subfamily relationships and the first phylogenies for a number of species-rich sub-groups. These phylogenetic outcomes will be of broad utility to researchers studying salticid biology and the evolution of rapid radiations. Second, by characterizing the genetic basis of multiple independent transitions to true color vision, the research will provide new opportunities to understand whether color vision evolves along common pathways known from other systems (e.g., through opsin duplication) or has followed novel routes (e.g., retinal filters, as discovered recently in one salticid lineage). Third, investigations of the role that color vision plays in foraging efficiency will offer the exciting prospect of connecting differences in color vision to fitness. Finally, by connecting variation in visual function to diversity in visual signaling, this research may reveal a central role for sensory function in biodiversification. Synthesis of these multiple lines of research will offer an unprecedented view of why color vision evolves and how it shapes animal biodiversity.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在整个动物王国中，色觉不断进化，但人们对其进化的方式和原因知之甚少。关于色觉的主要转变如何影响交流中使用的颜色信号的进化，比如雄性在向雌性求爱时使用的彩色显示，我们所知的就更少了。这项拟议的研究利用了一个独特的机会，以获得对这些前沿的更深入的理解：在蜘蛛家族中，通常被称为跳蜘蛛，颜色视觉的反复进化。该研究计划将(1)解决关于Salticidae物种关系的突出问题，(2)利用对物种关系的改进理解来阐明色觉进化模式，(3)量化色觉变化的遗传和功能基础，(4)测试与色觉相关的觅食利益的关键假设，以及(5)调查色觉差异是否会导致信号过程中颜色使用的可预测变化。这种联系在其他研究充分的系统（如灵长类动物）中已被证明是难以捉摸的，但应该引起广泛的兴趣。此外，研究团队将与科学媒体公司Day's Edge Productions和由辛辛那提博物馆中心领导的四个博物馆联盟合作，通过一系列短片、内容丰富的网站以及用于教室、社区规划和博物馆展览空间的教育活动组合，让更广泛的公众参与到色彩和视觉科学中来。因此，这个综合研究项目解决了关于动物如何以及为什么能看到颜色的关键问题，同时让公众参与到发现的过程和结果中来。拟议的研究将在许多不同的科学领域取得重大进展，并通过这些领域的整合为表型多样化提供新的见解。首先，该研究将为理解盐碱多样性提供关键的新系统发育信息，包括解决深层亚科关系和许多物种丰富亚群的第一次系统发育。这些系统发育结果将对研究盐碱生物学和快速辐射进化的研究人员具有广泛的实用价值。其次，通过描述多种独立过渡到真色觉的遗传基础，该研究将提供新的机会来了解色觉是沿着其他系统已知的共同途径进化（例如，通过视蛋白复制）还是遵循新的途径（例如，最近在一个盐系中发现的视网膜过滤器）。第三，对色觉在觅食效率中的作用的研究将为色觉差异与适应性之间的联系提供令人兴奋的前景。最后，通过将视觉功能的变化与视觉信号的多样性联系起来，本研究可能揭示了感觉功能在生物多样性中的核心作用。这些研究的综合将提供一个前所未有的观点，为什么颜色视觉进化和它如何塑造动物的生物多样性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。