LTER: Drivers of Abrupt Change in the Florida Coastal Everglades

LTER：佛罗里达沿海大沼泽地突然变化的驱动因素

• 批准号: 1832229
• 负责人: Evelyn Gaiser
• 金额: $ 225.4万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-01 至 2022-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1832229&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTER; Drivers; Abrupt; Change; Florida

Coastal ecosystems like the Florida Everglades provide many benefits to society. They protect coastlines from storms and store carbon. They provide habitat and food for important fisheries. They also support tourism and local economies, and store freshwater for millions of people. The Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE LTER) program addresses how and why coastal ecosystems are changing in response to sea level rise and the actions of people. Like many coastal ecosystems, the Florida Everglades are threatened by the diversion of freshwater to support urban and agricultural expansion. At the same time, sea level rise has caused coastal ecosystems to become saltier, threatening the freshwater supply, stressing freshwater plants, and causing the soils to collapse. When the soils beneath coastal wetlands disappear, seawater invades even more quickly. Researchers in the FCE LTER are continuing long-term studies and experiments to understand how these changes influence ecosystem functions and services. They are also developing tools for resource managers to create an effective freshwater restoration program. The science team includes an active community of graduate students. As a group, they reach the public through education and outreach activities, and regularly advise policy-makers on resource management decisions.The FCE LTER research program addresses how changing fresh and marine supplies of water influence coastal ecosystem dynamics through: (i) continued long-term assessment of changes in biogeochemistry, primary production, organic matter, and trophic dynamics in ecosystems along freshwater-to-marine gradients, (ii) maintenance of existing in situ and ex situ long-term experiments, (iii) use of high-resolution remote sensing, coupled with models to forecast landscape-scale changes, (iv) addition of synoptic satellite sites to capture discrete spatio-temporal responses to episodic disturbance, and (v) initiation of new experimental manipulations to determine drivers and mechanisms of resilience to saltwater intrusion. Data syntheses integrate month-to-annual and inter-annual data into models of water, nutrients, carbon, and species dynamics throughout the Everglades landscape to compare how ecosystems with different productivities and carbon stores respond (maintain, increase, or decline) to short- (pulses) and long-term changes (presses) in hydrologic connectivity. Understanding and predicting the drivers of abrupt changes in ecosystems is a key challenge in ecosystem ecology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

像佛罗里达大沼泽地这样的沿海生态系统为社会提供了许多好处。它们保护海岸线免受风暴侵袭，并储存碳。它们为重要的渔业提供栖息地和食物。它们还支持旅游业和当地经济，并为数百万人储存淡水。佛罗里达沿海大沼泽地长期生态研究（FCE ltter）项目研究了沿海生态系统如何以及为什么会因海平面上升和人类活动而发生变化。像许多沿海生态系统一样，佛罗里达大沼泽地也受到淡水转移以支持城市和农业扩张的威胁。与此同时，海平面上升导致沿海生态系统变得更咸，威胁到淡水供应，给淡水植物带来压力，并导致土壤崩溃。当沿海湿地下面的土壤消失时，海水入侵的速度更快。FCE LTER的研究人员正在继续进行长期研究和实验，以了解这些变化如何影响生态系统的功能和服务。他们还在为资源管理者开发工具，以便制定有效的淡水恢复计划。科学团队包括一个活跃的研究生社区。作为一个团体，他们通过教育和外联活动接触公众，并定期就资源管理决策向决策者提供建议。FCE LTER研究计划通过以下方式解决淡水和海洋水供应变化如何影响沿海生态系统动态：(i)沿着淡水-海洋梯度继续长期评估生态系统中生物地球化学、初级生产、有机质和营养动态的变化；（ii）维持现有的原地和非原地长期实验；（iii）利用高分辨率遥感，结合模型预测景观尺度变化；（iv）增加天气卫星站点，捕捉对间歇性干扰的离散时空响应；（五）开展新的实验操作，以确定对盐水入侵的恢复力的驱动因素和机制。数据综合将月际和年际数据整合到整个沼泽地景观的水、营养物质、碳和物种动态模型中，以比较具有不同生产力和碳储量的生态系统如何对水文连通性的短期（脉冲）和长期变化（压力）做出反应（维持、增加或减少）。了解和预测生态系统突变的驱动因素是生态系统生态学的一个关键挑战。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Saltwater and nutrient legacies reduce net ecosystem carbon storage despite freshwater restoration: insights from experimental wetlands

• DOI: 10.1111/rec.13524
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Restoration Ecology
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: D. Y. Lee;J. Kominoski;Michael S. Kline;Michelle Robinson;Suzy Roebling

The effects of temperature and flooding duration on the structure and magnitude of a floodplain prey subsidy

温度和洪水持续时间对洪泛区猎物补贴的结构和规模的影响

• DOI: 10.1111/fwb.14145
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Freshwater Biology
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Rezek, Ryan J.;Massie, Jordan A.;Nelson, James A.;Santos, Rolando O.;Viadero, Natasha M.;James, W. Ryan;Boucek, Ross E.;Rehage, Jennifer S.
• 通讯作者: Rehage, Jennifer S.

Linking demographic transitions to population dynamics in a fluctuating environment

将人口变化与波动环境中的人口动态联系起来

• DOI: 10.1139/cjfas-2020-0101
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Gatto, John V.;Kline, Jeffrey L.;Loftus, William F.;Trexler, Joel C.
• 通讯作者: Trexler, Joel C.

Mangrove canopy height globally related to precipitation, temperature and cyclone frequency

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0279-1
• 发表时间: 2018-12
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: M. Simard;L. Fatoyinbo;C. Smetanka;V. Rivera‐Monroy;E. Castañeda‐Moya;N. Thomas;Tom Van der Stocken

Regional-scale hydrological monitoring of wetlands with Sentinel-1 InSAR observations: Case study of the South Florida Everglades

• DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2020.112051
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: Remote Sensing of Environment
• 影响因子: 13.5
• 作者: H. Liao;S. Wdowinski;Shanshan Li