NNA: Fresh Eyes on Ice: Connecting Arctic Communities through a Revitalized and Modernized Freshwater Ice Observation Network

冰雪是生活在寒冷地区必不可少的一部分，所有的北方人都观察、理解并欣赏每年冰雪的变化。对淡水冰及其存在如何随时间变化的大规模观测将满足广泛利益相关者的基本需求，从依赖冰进行运输和自给自足收获的农村社区，到依赖冬季水进行冰路建设的工业，再到研究气候变化和生态系统服务的科学家。“冰上之眼”观测网通过卫星观测、湖泊和河流监测站以及造雪机的实地活动收集阿拉斯加内陆、西部和北部广大地区的数据，满足了这一需求——所有这些都与社区当地科学家、教师和学生的伙伴关系相结合。这个观测网络的设计建立在阿拉斯加湖冰雪观测网络（ALISON）的基础上，ALISON是阿拉斯加费尔班克斯大学1999年至2011年主持的一个项目，该项目利用这个基本前提，让阿拉斯加各地社区的K-12学生和教师动手收集数据。教师们仍然非正式地使用ALISON项目；通过“冰上之眼”（Fresh Eyes on Ice）观测网，使用现代化技术，该项目将培养对北极环境变化的新认识，并激励新的科学家，此外还将在快速变化的时代提供有价值的信息。冬季是北极地区变化最快的季节，在淡水冰以及依赖冰冻湖泊和河流的生态系统和社区中引起了广泛的反应。淡水冰的动态——冰的形成、生长和融化——不仅综合了冬季气候条件，还影响了永久冻土、水文、温室气体排放以及人类的旅行和生存。长期观测记录了北纬地区湖泊和河流中冰厚和破裂时间的巨大变化。这种冰的观测不仅来自政府和学术科学家使用卫星、现场传感器和复杂的实地测量进行的严格计划，而且来自湖边和河边的社区、学校教室和每天观察这些变化的自给自足的用户。这些冰的观测结果共同提供了与地方、区域和全球尺度相关的冬季气候变化的有价值的综合记录。全新的淡水冰观测网络“用Fresh Eyes on Ice导航新北极”利用现代卫星、航空和原位传感技术与社区监测团队相结合，重新激活现有数据集，扩大空间和时间上的观测。广泛的冬末实地活动，广泛分布的社区和感兴趣的科学家之间的专用社交媒体和数据共享，以及可视化系统将连接阿拉斯加北部和北极地区的社区，使科学教育和推广成为这个观测网络的无缝组成部分。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Snow and ice are essential parts of living in cold places, and all northern peoples observe, understand, and appreciate how these change every year. Wide-scale observations of freshwater ice and how its presence has changed over time will meet a fundamental need for a broad range of stakeholders, from rural communities that depend on ice for transportation and subsistence harvest, to industries that rely on winter water for ice road construction, to scientists studying climate change and ecosystem services. The Fresh Eyes on Ice observation network addresses this need by collecting data across a wide area of interior, western, and northern Alaska using satellite observations, monitoring stations on lakes and rivers, and field campaigns by snowmachine--all integrated with a partnership of community-based local scientists, teachers, and school children. The design for this observation network builds on the Alaska Lake Ice and Snow Observatory Network (ALISON), a project hosted by University of Alaska Fairbanks from 1999 to 2011 that used this basic premise for hands-on data collection by K-12 students and teachers in communities across Alaska. Teachers still informally use the ALISON program; by reviving this approach through the Fresh Eyes on Ice observation network, using modernized techniques, this project will foster new appreciation for environmental change in the Arctic and inspire new scientists, in addition to providing valuable information in a time of rapid change.Winter is the most rapidly changing season in the Arctic, causing widespread responses in freshwater ice and the ecosystems and communities that rely on frozen lakes and rivers. Freshwater ice dynamics--the formation, growth, and melt of ice--not only integrate winter climate conditions, but also impact permafrost, hydrology, greenhouse gas emissions, and human travel and subsistence. Long-term observations document dramatic changes in ice thickness and breakup timing in lakes and rivers of northern latitudes. Such ice observations come from rigorous programs conducted by government and academic scientists using satellites, in situ sensors, and sophisticated field measurements, but also from lake- and river-side communities, school classrooms, and subsistence-users who watch these changes daily. Together these ice observations provide a valuable and integrated record of winter climate change relevant at local, regional, and global-scales. Navigating the new Arctic with Fresh Eyes on Ice, a new freshwater ice observation network, revitalizes existing datasets and expands observations in space and time using modern satellite, aerial, and in situ sensing techniques integrated with community-based monitoring teams. Extensive late winter field campaigns, dedicated social media and data sharing between widely spaced communities and interested scientists, and visualization systems will connect communities in boreal and arctic Alaska, making science education and outreach seamless components of this observing network.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.