Collaborative Research: Enabling rational design of MOF-polymer mixed matrix membranes for liquid separations through understanding of microscale and macroscale properties

汽油、塑料、洗涤剂、许多药品和化妆品都是从有机液体中提取的。有机液体本质上是原油的液体部分。原油中的分子是一种复杂的混合物，必须首先分离出来，然后才能转化为有用的消费品。今天，混合物的分离需要将有机液体煮沸和蒸馏。煮沸液体需要大量的能量投入，其成本最终会转嫁给消费者。考虑到从有机液体中提取的消费品的大量消费，这种分离利用了相当大一部分(约10%)的国家总能源消耗。开发可替代的、低成本和低能量的有机液体分离将使国家能够在降低能源消耗的同时继续或提高其生活水平。为了实现这一目标，人们越来越感兴趣的是使用固体质量分离剂来分离有机液体，而不是蒸馏混合物。质量分离剂的一个这样的例子是膜，它充当筛子来分离混合物的组分。与宏观筛子不同，膜包含具有特定化学功能的纳米大小的孔。分子穿过孔道，以不同的方式与化学官能团相互作用，导致不同类型的分子分离。要分离可以溶解许多物质的有机液体，膜必须具有坚固的化学性能。本研究项目将结合传统和先进的表征技术来跟踪有机分子在膜中的运动，以促进分离有机液体的质量分离剂的合理设计。本研究项目将试图了解有机液体在聚合物、金属有机骨架(MOF)和由这两种组分组成的混合基质膜中的传输、结构和吸附性能的变化。扩散将使用分子通量的传统传输测量以及脉冲场梯度核磁共振光谱分析来确定。为了评估亚微米空间分辨率的扩散，将使用高磁场梯度和高静态磁场。将开发一个分析模型，将微观和宏观扩散、传输特性、吸附和结构特性联系起来。该模型的目标是开发用于有机液体分离的基于MOF的混合基质膜的设计原则。这项工作的教育和推广方面将利用现有的计划，介绍动画和教育演示，并为学生提供与膜分离相关的明确定义的工程项目的参与。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Gasoline, plastics, laundry detergent, many pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics are all derived from organic liquids. Organic liquids are essentially the liquid fraction of crude oil. The molecules in crude oil are a complex mixture, that must first be separated before they can be converted to useful consumer products. Today, separation of the mixture requires the organic liquids be boiled and distilled. Boiling the liquid requires a large energy input, the cost of which is ultimately passed on to the consumer. Given the vast consumption of consumer products derived from organic liquids, this separation utilizes a sizable fraction (about 10%) of the nation's total energy consumption. The development of alternative, low-cost and low-energy separations of organic liquids will allow the nation to continue, or improve upon, its standard of living while reducing energy consumption. To achieve this goal, there is growing interest in using solid mass separating agents to separate organic liquids, rather than distilling the mixture. One such example of a mass separating agent is a membrane, which acts as a sieve to separate the components of the mixture. Unlike a macroscopic sieve, a membrane contains nanometer-sized pores with specific chemical functionalities. Molecules pass through the pores and interact with the chemical functionalities in different manners, leading to a separation of different types of molecules. To separate organic liquids, which can dissolve many materials, the membrane must be chemically robust. This research project will couple traditional and advanced characterization techniques to track the movement of the organic molecules through membranes, in order to advance the rational design of mass separating agents that separate organic liquids. This research project will seek to understand changes of the transport, structural, and sorption properties of organic liquids in polymers, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and mixed-matrix membranes consisting of both of these components. Diffusion will be determined using both traditional transport measurements of molecular flux, as well as pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. To evaluate diffusion with sub-micrometer spatial resolution, high magnetic field gradients and a high static magnetic field will be used. An analytical model will be developed to link microscopic and macroscopic diffusivities, transport properties, sorption, and structural properties. The goal of this model will be to develop design principles for MOF-based mixed-matrix membranes for organic liquid separations. Educational and outreach aspects of the work will leverage existing programs, introduce animations and educational demonstrations, and offer students participation in well-defined engineering projects related to membrane separations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.