Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Politics of Local Policing

博士论文研究：地方警务政治

• 批准号: 1841280
• 负责人: Jonathan Mummolo
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1841280&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Politics; Local

Locally elected officials are quietly exercising more control over how residents are treated by the criminal justice system. For example, city councils and county sheriffs are deciding whether local law enforcement agents check immigration status in the course of regular policing; whether and for how long people are detained in custody for suspected immigration violations; and who enters the federal deportation pipeline. This research examines how local officials wield their authority. Do partisan politics play a role in their decision-making? Do the specific policy preferences of their constituencies? These questions are studied by collecting the first comprehensive dataset on sheriff electoral returns and on the institutional rules that constrain sheriffs, which vary dramatically across the nation and over time. The proposed work advances several research agendas in political science, law, sociology, criminology, and public policy. First, variation in local immigration enforcement is only recently being documented and explained, and the electoral motivations behind it have yet to be studied at all. Second, the project is relevant to a large academic literature on local politics and representation. For a long time, scholars in this field have argued that there is a limited role for partisan or issue-specific responsiveness in the local electoral context, though recent empirical work has produced new evidence that voters' ideological positions affect municipal governments' fiscal policy decisions. The study is the first of its kind to examine both policy preferences and partisanship in the same framework; and by doing so in a domain that is simultaneously politically charged at the national level and under jurisdictions' immediate control, it will help resolve ongoing debates about the degree and type of responsiveness that prevails in local government. Finally, the project speaks to important normative questions raised by contemporary American federalism, namely how much cross-jurisdictional variation, democratic responsiveness, and partisan politics operate in the enforcement of national laws.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

当地当选的官员正在悄悄地控制刑事司法系统如何对待居民。例如，市议会和县警长决定在常规警务期间是否检查当地执法人员是否会检查移民身份；是否以及因涉嫌违反移民的行为而被拘留多长时间；谁进入联邦驱逐出境管道。这项研究研究了地方官员如何发挥其权威。党派政治在他们的决策中发挥作用吗？他们选区的具体政策偏好是吗？通过收集有关警长选举申报表的第一个综合数据集以及限制警长的机构规则来研究这些问题，该规则限制了警长，这在全国范围内且随着时间的流逝而变化很大。拟议中的工作推进了政治学，法律，社会学，犯罪学和公共政策的几项研究议程。首先，直到最近才记录和解释当地移民执法的差异，其背后的选举动机尚未得到研究。其次，该项目与有关地方政治和代表的大型学术文献有关。长期以来，该领域的学者认为，尽管最近的经验工作已经产生了新的证据，表明选民的意识形态立场会影响市政府的财政政策决策，但党派或特定问题的响应能力的作用有限。该研究是同类研究中第一个在同一框架中研究政策偏好和党派的研究。通过在一个在国家一级以及在司法管辖区的即时控制下政治上指控的领域中这样做，它将有助于解决有关当地政府占上风的程度和响应能力的持续辩论。最后，该项目讲述了当代美国联邦制提出的重要规范性问题，即在执行国家法律的执行中，有多少跨剑法变化，民主反应能力和党派政治在实施国家法律方面，反映了NSF的法定使命，并认为通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的cribia critia crietia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia cristia cristia criperia均值得通过评估。