CAREER: Deciphering sorghum resistance mechanisms to phloem-feeding aphids

职业：破译高粱对以韧皮部为食的蚜虫的抗性机制

• 批准号: 1845588
• 负责人: Joe Louis
• 金额: $ 151.34万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1845588&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Deciphering; sorghum; resistance; mechanisms

Approximately 20 percent of global annual crop loss is attributable to insect infestation, creating major economic concerns about decreases in the food supply for a growing global population expected to exceed nine billion by 2050. Sorghum, one of the world's most important monocot crops grown for food, feed, and fuel, suffers severe yield losses due to attack by phloem-feeding insects, including aphids. However, little is known about the extent of genetic variation that contributes to sorghum resistance or susceptibility to these insects. The goal of this project is to elucidate previously unknown sorghum resistance mechanisms to aphids in order to help design novel targets for pest control and reduce dependence on costly and harmful insecticides. The knowledge gained from this project identifies key genes, signaling networks, pathways, and/or regulatory mechanisms that underlie sorghum resistance to phloem-feeding insect pests. The broader impacts of the project include an innovative and comprehensive outreach/education program to understand plant resistance to insects by involving middle and secondary school teachers and middle school and undergraduate students, particularly those from underserved and underrepresented groups, as they explore solutions to real-world situations involving concepts of plant resistance to insect pests. In addition, this project will provide multidisciplinary training to undergraduate and graduate students and post-doctoral research associates in the areas of plant biology, genomics, and entomology.The defense signaling networks underlying monocot crop resistance to aphids remain largely unknown, and this is especially true for sorghum. This project fills an important gap in current research by utilizing genomic resources to gain insight into the underlying genetic networks and phenotypic traits that contribute to sorghum resistance to aphids. Natural variation in a panel of sorghum inbred lines is used to elucidate the novel sources of sorghum resistance to sugarcane aphids. A combination of molecular, biochemical, and electrophysiological approaches enable a better understanding of the genetic basis of sorghum resistance to aphids. Four objectives are proposed: 1) characterization of SCA feeding behavior and the early physiological defense responses involved in sorghum resistance to aphids, 2) discovery of novel genes and the underlying transcriptional networks that contribute to sorghum resistance/susceptibility to SCA, 3) determination of key defense metabolites in sorghum resistance/susceptibility to SCA, and 4) development and delivery of outreach and educational programs in plant insect interactions and plant defense for middle and secondary school teachers and middle students. The results from this project provide improved insight into how endogenous defenses and manipulation of defense signaling networks contribute to the development of more efficient and durable insect pest-resistant varieties of sorghum. Although the project focuses on sorghum, the knowledge gained has broader applications to other significant cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice and barley.This project is jointly funded by the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems (IOS) in the Biological Sciences Directorate (BIO) and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

全球每年约有20%的作物损失是由虫害造成的，这引起了人们对粮食供应减少的重大经济担忧，预计到2050年全球人口将超过90亿。高粱是世界上最重要的单子叶作物之一，用于粮食、饲料和燃料，由于韧皮部取食的昆虫（包括蚜虫）的袭击，高粱遭受严重的产量损失。然而，人们对高粱对这些昆虫的抗性或易感性的遗传变异程度知之甚少。该项目的目的是阐明以前未知的高粱对蚜虫的抗性机制，以帮助设计新的害虫防治靶点，减少对昂贵和有害杀虫剂的依赖。从该项目中获得的知识确定了高粱抵抗韧皮部食性害虫的关键基因、信号网络、途径和/或调控机制。该项目的更广泛影响包括一项创新和全面的外展/教育计划，通过让中学教师、中学生和本科生，特别是那些来自服务不足和代表性不足群体的学生，探索涉及植物抗虫害概念的现实情况的解决方案，了解植物对昆虫的抗性。此外，该项目还将为植物生物学、基因组学和昆虫学领域的本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员提供多学科培训。单株作物抵抗蚜虫的防御信号网络在很大程度上仍然未知，高粱尤其如此。本项目利用基因组资源，深入了解高粱抗蚜的潜在遗传网络和表型性状，填补了当前研究的重要空白。利用一组高粱自交系的自然变异，阐明了高粱抗甘蔗蚜虫的新来源。分子、生化和电生理方法的结合使我们能够更好地了解高粱抗蚜虫的遗传基础。提出了四个目标：1)高粱抗蚜过程中SCA摄食行为和早期生理防御反应的表征；2)高粱抗/易感SCA的新基因和转录网络的发现；3)高粱抗/易感SCA的关键防御代谢物的测定。4)针对中小学教师和中学生开展植物昆虫相互作用和植物防御的推广和教育项目。该项目的研究结果进一步揭示了内源防御和防御信号网络的操纵如何促进更高效、更耐久的高粱抗虫品种的发展。虽然该项目的重点是高粱，但所获得的知识可以广泛应用于其他重要的谷物作物，如玉米、小麦、水稻和大麦。该项目由生物科学理事会（BIO）综合有机体系统司（IOS）和刺激竞争研究既定计划（EPSCoR）共同资助。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Interplay of phytohormones facilitate sorghum tolerance to aphids

• DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01083-y
• 发表时间: 2020-10-15
• 期刊: PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Grover, Sajjan;Agpawa, Earl;Louis, Joe
• 通讯作者: Louis, Joe

Sugars and cuticular waxes impact sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) colonization on different developmental stages of sorghum

糖和角质层蜡影响甘蔗蚜虫（Melanaphis sacchari）在高粱不同发育阶段的定植

• DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111646
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Plant Science
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Cardona, Juan Betancurt;Grover, Sajjan;Bowman, Michael J.;Busta, Lucas;Kundu, Pritha;Koch, Kyle G.;Sarath, Gautam;Sattler, Scott E.;Louis, Joe
• 通讯作者: Louis, Joe

Greenbug feeding-induced resistance to sugarcane aphids in sorghum

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1105725
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 作者: Heena Puri;Edith Ikuze;Jessica Ayala;Isabella Rodriguez;R. Kariyat;J. Louis;Sajjan Grover

Dichotomous Role of Jasmonic Acid in Modulating Sorghum Defense Against Aphids

• DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-22-0005-r
• 发表时间: 2022-09-01
• 期刊: MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Grover, Sajjan;Puri, Heena;Louis, Joe
• 通讯作者: Louis, Joe

Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum) herbivory significantly impacts protein and phosphorylation abundance in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71828-8
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Scientific Reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Prince Zogli;S. Alvarez;M. Naldrett;N. Palmer;K. Koch;Lise Pingault;J. Bradshaw;P. Twigg;T. Heng-moss;J. Louis;G. Sarath