Collaborative Research: Video-Recording Eyewitness Identification Lineups: Testing for Unanticipated Costs and Undiscovered Benefits
合作研究:视频记录目击者识别阵容:测试意外成本和未发现的好处
基本信息
- 批准号:1849438
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 19.52万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-03-01 至 2025-02-28
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
One of the primary recommendations regarding eyewitness evidence is to video record witnesses' lineup identifications. The underlying rationale for this recommendation is intuitive: a video-record provides information about deviations from best practices and may promote lineup administrator compliance with established guidelines. As much as these benefits resonate with psychological researchers, there is no research on any potential costs to video-recording. For example, it is unknown whether the act of video-recording negatively impacts witnesses' decision-making process. Furthermore, the intuitive benefits described above are likely a small subset of the potential advantages of video-recording identification procedures. The purpose of the proposed studies is, therefore, to test for possible additional benefits to video-recording that might accrue across the spectrum of an eyewitness's interaction with the justice system and to identify potential costs of the recommendation. The results from the proposed research will either provide additional support for this recommendation, thereby encouraging reluctant police departments to adopt the practice, or will highlight concerns regarding its implementation. As responsible advocates of science-based recommendations, psychological scientists must find answers to these questions in order to determine how to implement this recommendation. The research will be conducted in three phases. In the first phase, an experiment tests whether video-recordings of eyewitness lineup identifications reveal different non-verbal behaviors between accurate and inaccurate witnesses, information which could be used by the legal system to assess witness reliability. In addition, the experiment tests whether witnesses make different identification decisions as a function of being recorded, as predicted by theoretical models of eyewitness decision-making. The second phase tests whether showing witnesses a video of their own identification inoculates witnesses from harmful confidence inflation produced by post-identification feedback, a potentially beneficial effect predicted by theoretical models of eyewitness confidence assessment. One experiment in this phase tests whether this effect is moderated by camera perspective; a second experiment tests whether this effect is moderated by the difficulty of the lineup task. The final phase tests whether showing fact-finders a video of an eyewitness identification procedure assists them in discriminating accurate from inaccurate witnesses. One experiment in this phase tests whether this benefit depends on fact-finders' prior beliefs about the guilt of the identified person. A second experiment tests whether an empirically-validated checklist containing information about witnesses' non-verbal cues to accuracy improves the ability to discriminate accurate from inaccurate witnesses. As a whole, the proposed experiments test heretofore unexamined benefits and costs of video-recording eyewitnesses' identifications. From a practical perspective, data from these experiments can be used to develop recommendations regarding how to implement the video-recording recommendation as well as how to use those video-recordings to improve fact-finder decision-making. From a theoretical perspective, data obtained from these experiments might suggest essential refinements to models of witness decision-making and retrospective confidence reports.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
关于目击证人证据的主要建议之一是录像记录证人的指认。这一建议的基本原理是直观的:视频记录提供了有关偏离最佳实践的信息,并可能促进阵容管理员遵守既定的指导方针。尽管这些好处引起了心理学研究人员的共鸣,但没有关于录像的任何潜在成本的研究。例如,不知道录像行为是否对证人的决策过程产生负面影响。此外,上述直观的好处可能只是录像识别程序潜在优点的一小部分。因此,拟议研究的目的是测试录像在证人与司法系统互动的各个方面可能产生的额外好处,并确定这项建议的潜在费用。拟议研究的结果要么将为这项建议提供更多的支持,从而鼓励不情愿的警察部门采取这种做法,要么将突出对其执行情况的关切。作为以科学为基础的建议的负责任的倡导者,心理科学家必须找到这些问题的答案,以确定如何实施这一建议。研究将分三个阶段进行。在第一阶段,实验测试是否目击者列队指认的视频记录揭示了不同的非言语行为之间的准确和不准确的证人,信息,可以使用的法律的系统,以评估证人的可靠性。此外,实验测试是否证人作出不同的识别决策作为被记录的功能,预测的目击者决策的理论模型。第二阶段测试是否显示证人的视频,他们自己的身份接种证人从有害的信心膨胀产生的识别后的反馈,一个潜在的有利影响预测的理论模型的目击者信心评估。在这个阶段的一个实验测试是否这种效果是由相机的角度调节;第二个实验测试是否这种效果是由排队任务的难度调节。最后阶段测试向事实调查者展示目击证人辨认过程的录像是否有助于他们区分准确的证人和不准确的证人。这个阶段的一个实验测试这种好处是否取决于事实发现者对被识别者有罪的先前信念。第二个实验测试了一个经过验证的检查表是否包含关于证人的非语言线索的信息,以提高区分准确和不准确的证人的能力。总的来说,拟议中的实验测试了迄今为止未经审查的录像目击者指认的好处和成本。从实践的角度来看,这些实验的数据可用于制定关于如何执行录像建议以及如何使用这些录像来改善实况调查员决策的建议。从理论的角度来看,从这些实验中获得的数据可能会建议证人决策模型和回顾性信心reports.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Case information biases evaluations of video-recorded eyewitness identification evidence.
案件信息使对视频记录的目击证人识别证据的评估产生偏差。
- DOI:10.1037/mac0000126
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.2
- 作者:Douglass, Amy Bradfield;Charman, Steve D.;Matuku, Kureva P.;Shambaugh, Laura J.;Lapar, Meghan P.;Lamere, Erika
- 通讯作者:Lamere, Erika
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