Intracranial EEG and Direct Cortical Stimulation Study of Stimulus-Driven and Cognitively-Modulated Emotional Processing in the Human Brain

人脑刺激驱动和认知调节情绪处理的颅内脑电图和直接皮质刺激研究

• 批准号: 1850938
• 负责人: Josef Parvizi
• 金额: $ 51.94万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1850938&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Intracranial; EEG; Direct; Cortical; Stimulation

There has been a great deal of progress in the field of emotion research. However, most of the work has been performed with methods that have not enabled one to address what happens in the brain in the millisecond and millimeter space at the single-subject individual level. As a result, several key questions in the field of cognitive neuroscience have remained open for exploration. One of these key unknowns that we are addressing in our current proposal is the question of how brain regions specialized in processing emotional information interact with those areas of our brain that are engaged in perceiving the outer world. How does our perception get colored by our emotion? Our findings will enrich our understanding of the brain mechanisms of emotion generation while also constraining the plausibility of certain emotion theories. Our research will not only promote the progress of emotion and cognitive neuroscience, but also it will advance our understanding of how the mechanisms of healthy interaction between emotional and perceptual system might be affected in neuropsychiatric disorders and as such the proposed research will have potential benefits to our national health, prosperity and welfare. Lastly, through educational outreach programs, we will also support education and diversity to benefit our society. This research is focused on the interface between emotion and visual perception in the human brain. Our proposed research aims to explore how stimulus-driven and cognitively-modulated emotional processes affect our visual perception of faces. To reach the overarching goal of the proposed plan, we will adopt a multimodal approach to measure neuronal population activity with intracranial electrodes and probe their causal importance by perturbing their activity using direct cortical stimulation. In addition to intracranial electrophysiology (iEEG) and direct cortical stimulation (DCS), we will measure subjective report, behavior, and pupillary activity. Our research involves human subjects undergoing invasive monitoring for several days as part of clinical evaluation for refractory focal epilepsy. Stimulus-driven emotions are generated by biologically entrenched perceptions that may not be necessarily accessible to conscious awareness; as such, stimulus-driven emotions are associated with prototypical responses that quickly prepare for action. Emotional faces, such as those expressing anger and joy/happiness, are used to elicit stimulus-driven emotions. In contrast, cognitively-modulated emotions are generated through cognitive processes such as contextual information that lead to cognitive appraisal of how a stimulus relates to one's motivations, rather than a specific perceptual stimulus per se.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

情绪研究领域取得了很大的进展。然而，大多数工作都是用一些方法来完成的，这些方法还没有使人们能够在单个受试者的个体水平上解决大脑在毫秒和毫米空间中发生的事情。因此，认知神经科学领域的几个关键问题仍然有待探索。在我们目前的研究中，我们要解决的一个关键的未知问题是，专门处理情绪信息的大脑区域如何与我们大脑中负责感知外部世界的区域相互作用。我们的感知是如何被我们的情绪所影响的？我们的发现将丰富我们对情绪产生的大脑机制的理解，同时也限制了某些情绪理论的可接受性。我们的研究不仅将促进情绪和认知神经科学的进步，而且它将促进我们对情绪和感知系统之间的健康互动机制如何在神经精神疾病中受到影响的理解，因此，拟议的研究将对我们的国家健康，繁荣和福利产生潜在的好处。最后，通过教育推广计划，我们还将支持教育和多样性，以造福我们的社会。 这项研究的重点是人类大脑中情感和视觉感知之间的界面。我们的研究旨在探索刺激驱动和认知调节的情绪过程如何影响我们对面孔的视觉感知。为了达到所提出的计划的总体目标，我们将采用多模式方法来测量颅内电极的神经元群体活动，并通过使用直接皮层刺激干扰其活动来探测其因果重要性。 除了颅内电生理学（iEEG）和直接皮层刺激（DCS）外，我们还将测量主观报告、行为和瞳孔活动。我们的研究涉及人类受试者接受侵入性监测数天，作为难治性局灶性癫痫临床评价的一部分。刺激驱动的情绪是由生物学上根深蒂固的感知产生的，这些感知可能不一定能被有意识的意识所感知;因此，刺激驱动的情绪与快速准备行动的原型反应有关。 情绪化的面孔，例如那些表达愤怒和喜悦/幸福的面孔，被用来引发刺激驱动的情绪。 相比之下，认知调节的情绪是通过认知过程产生的，如情境信息，导致对刺激如何与一个人的动机相关的认知评估，而不是一个特定的感知刺激本身。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。