EAR-PF: Millennial scale environmental changes in Pleistocene Florida can inform the causes and effects of trophic downgrading after megaherbivore extinction

EAR-PF：更新世佛罗里达州的千年规模环境变化可以揭示巨型食草动物灭绝后营养级降级的原因和影响

• 批准号: 1855154
• 负责人: Angelina Perrotti
• 金额: $ 17.4万
• 依托单位: Perrotti Angelina
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1855154&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Millennial; scale; environmental

Dr. Angelina Perrotti has been granted a NSF EAR Postdoctoral fellowship to carry out research and education plans at Brown University and the University of Wisconsin. This project seeks to reveal linkages among climate, vegetation, fire, herbivory, and humans during the last glacial period and subsequent deglaciation at Lake Tulane, Florida. Through geochemical, charcoal, and pollen analyses, this research will closely link past vegetation changes with changes in herbivory, climate, and fire, which has direct implications for current efforts to restore ecosystem biodiversity and function through reintroduction of controlled grazing and fire regimes. This project has multiple broader impacts in the areas of new and transformational learning experiences and outreach, including the development of teaching modules for university-level archaeology courses and engagement with local communities through public library lectures and science festivals. The extinction of megaherbivores such as mammoths and mastodons at the end of the last glacial period may have resulted in a cascade of ecosystem effects. To link past records of vegetation change with megaherbivore activity and extinction, Perrotti will revisit Lake Tulane, a classic site with a well-established record of vegetation and hydrological changes over the last 60,000 years. New ecological proxies, such as dung-inhabiting fungal spores and fecal and temperature biomarkers will enable new investigations of the linkages among climate change, megaherbivore dynamics, and vegetation turnover. This research will 1) Assess and compare the signals recorded by different indicators of megaherbivore population abundances (i.e. fungal spores and fecal biomarkers); 2) Establish a geochemical biomarker temperature record for Florida and provide the first quantified estimates of Florida warming during the last deglaciation; 3) Investigate the effects of glacial and deglacial climate variability on megaherbivore communities in Florida; 4) Integrate multiple proxies to analyze the interacting influences of climate, megaherbivore extinctions, fire, and human arrival on vegetation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

安吉丽娜·佩罗蒂博士获得了美国国家科学基金会EAR博士后奖学金，将在布朗大学和威斯康星大学开展研究和教育计划。该项目旨在揭示佛罗里达州杜兰湖最后一次冰川期和随后的冰川消退期间气候、植被、火灾、食草动物和人类之间的联系。通过地球化学、木炭和花粉分析，本研究将把过去的植被变化与草食、气候和火灾的变化紧密联系起来，这对当前通过重新引入控制放牧和火灾制度来恢复生态系统的生物多样性和功能具有直接意义。该项目在新的和变革性的学习经验和推广领域具有多种更广泛的影响，包括开发大学级考古学课程的教学模块，以及通过公共图书馆讲座和科学节与当地社区的接触。在最后一个冰期末期，猛犸象和乳齿象等大型食草动物的灭绝可能导致了一系列生态系统效应。为了将过去的植被变化记录与大型食草动物的活动和灭绝联系起来，佩罗蒂将重新审视杜兰湖，这是一个经典的地点，在过去的6万年里，它有着完善的植被和水文变化记录。新的生态指标，如居住在粪便中的真菌孢子和粪便和温度生物标志物，将使我们能够对气候变化、大型食草动物动态和植被更替之间的联系进行新的研究。本研究将1)评估和比较大型食草动物种群丰度的不同指标（即真菌孢子和粪便生物标志物）所记录的信号；2)建立了佛罗里达州地球化学生物标志温度记录，首次提供了末次消冰期佛罗里达州变暖的量化估计；3)研究冰期和去冰期气候变率对佛罗里达州巨型食草动物群落的影响；4)综合多种指标，分析气候、大型食草动物灭绝、火灾和人类到来对植被的相互影响。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Diverse responses of vegetation and fire after pleistocene megaherbivore extinction across the eastern US

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107696
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Angelina G. Perrotti;Christopher A. Kiahtipes;J. Russell;S. T. Jackson;J. Gill;G. Robinson;Teresa R. Krause;John W. Williams

Uncertainty in coprophilous fungal spore concentration estimates

粪生真菌孢子浓度估计的不确定性

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1086109
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Perrotti, Angelina G.;Ramiadantsoa, Tanjona;O’Keefe, Jennifer;Nuñez Otaño, Noelia
• 通讯作者: Nuñez Otaño, Noelia