EAR-PF: Biomass burning in the terrestrial Arctic during past warm periods: New insights from organic biomarkers in Lake El'gygytgyn (Siberia)

EAR-PF：过去温暖时期北极陆地生物质燃烧：来自埃尔吉吉特金湖（西伯利亚）有机生物标志物的新见解

• 批准号: 1855281
• 负责人: William Daniels
• 金额: $ 17.4万
• 依托单位: Daniels, William C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1855281&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Biomass; burning; terrestrial

Dr. William Daniels has been granted an NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out research and education plans at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The research will use geologic records of past wildfires to investigate factors that might impact future fire prevalence in the Arctic tundra. Wildfires play an important role in forest ecology, contribute to the global carbon cycle, and can interfere with human activities. In the Arctic, wildfires are historically rare, but their frequency is increasing as climate warms. This recent trend is surprising given that existing paleofire records demonstrate that a cold and dry climate is more conducive to burning then a warm and wet climate. Ancient lake sediments from the Siberian Arctic will be analyzed for evidence of past wildfires during time periods that span a wide range of climatic conditions to better understand climate-wildfire linkages. The study will test the ideas that permafrost, aridity, and vegetation can influence the relationship between temperature and tundra wildfires. The research will be coupled with community education activities, including teaching environmental science camps for local youth in Massachusetts and Arctic Alaska.The proposed research will use organic geochemical proxies in a Lake El'gygytgyn sediment core covering 3.6 million years to reconstruct variations in Arctic biomass burning over the Plio-Pleistocene. Levoglucosan and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, molecular byproducts of biomass burning, will be compared with independently-derived paleoclimate reconstructions during the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (3.02-3.26 Ma; a key analog for future global climate) and during the Superinterglacial Marine Isotope Stage 31 (1.06-1.08 Ma). Results will provide a direct comparison of glacial-interglacial variability during the Pliocene versus the Pleistocene to test if permafrost and vegetation shifts under prolonged warming could lead to profoundly different fire systematics. The study will further develop and test molecular fire proxies needed to generate additional paleofire records.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

William Daniels博士已获得NSF博士后奖学金，在马萨诸塞州阿默斯特大学开展研究和教育计划。该研究将利用过去野火的地质记录来调查可能影响北极苔原未来火灾流行的因素。野火在森林生态中发挥着重要作用，有助于全球碳循环，并可能干扰人类活动。在北极，野火在历史上是罕见的，但随着气候变暖，野火的频率正在增加。最近的这一趋势令人惊讶，因为现有的古火记录表明，寒冷干燥的气候比温暖潮湿的气候更有利于燃烧。来自西伯利亚北极的古代湖泊沉积物将被分析，以寻找过去野火的证据，这些野火发生在跨越各种气候条件的时期，以更好地了解气候与野火的联系。这项研究将测试永久冻土，干旱和植被可以影响温度和苔原野火之间的关系的想法。这项研究将与社区教育活动相结合，包括在马萨诸塞州和阿拉斯加北极地区为当地青年举办环境科学教学营。拟议的研究将利用埃尔吉格特琴湖360万年沉积物芯中的有机地球化学代用品，重建上新世-更新世北极生物量燃烧的变化。生物质燃烧的分子副产品左旋葡萄糖和多环芳烃将与上新世中期温暖期（3.02-3.26 Ma;未来全球气候的关键模拟物）和超间冰期海洋同位素第31阶段（1.06-1.08 Ma）期间独立推导的古气候重建进行比较。结果将提供一个直接比较的冰川间冰期的变化在上新世与更新世的测试，如果永久冻土和植被的变化，在长期变暖可能会导致深刻不同的火灾系统。这项研究将进一步开发和测试分子火代理需要产生额外的paleofire records.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。