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Comparative cophylogenomics in a highly replicated system: Tinamou lice

高度复制系统中的比较系统基因组学：Tinamou 虱子

基本信息

批准号：
1855812
负责人：
Jason Weckstein
金额：
$ 91.31万
依托单位：
Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-06-01 至 2024-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1855812&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Comparative cophylogenomics highly replicated system

项目摘要

This project is a collaboration between several ornithologists and parasitologists in the USA, Brazil, and Peru to study the family tree and interactions between tinamous, one of the oldest avian lineages, and their extremely diverse parasitic feather lice. The team will use modern next generation genome sequencing approaches to analyze bird and parasite specimens and their DNA to reconstruct the genealogies and history of associations between these ancient birds and their parasites. This hyperdiverse tinamou-louse system is a model for studying broadly important patterns and processes that are critical for understanding parasite diversification and the history of colonization onto new hosts. Thus, the data analyzed for this project will fill critical knowledge gaps in our general understanding of the basic principles of host-parasite interactions and therefore has implications for better comprehension of the basic biological principles governing human parasite interactions. Undergraduate students, graduate students, a postdoctoral researcher, and three high school students will actively participate in the project and several of these trainees are from underrepresented groups. Project participants will also deposit high quality museum specimens and data into publicly available museum collections and databases. Lastly, project personnel will work with the Academy of Natural Sciences public education and exhibitions departments to participate in public outreach events and to develop an exhibit on parasite diversity and evolution.This study will use next generation whole genome sequencing to collect DNA sequences of 9 genera and 47 species of partridge-like tinamous and eighteen genera of their feather lice (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae). Tinamou feather lice are the most diverse community of feather lice found on any avian host group. However, neither tinamous nor their lice have been well studied and there are no complete published genealogies available to reconstruct the history of their host-parasite interactions over deep time scales. This exceptionally high parasite diversity on one host lineage may be a product of the ancient history of tinamous, providing extensive time for parasite speciation, colonization, and back colonization. This project aims to reconstruct robust genealogies of the tinamous and their feather lice using whole genome DNA sequence data to untangle the cophylogenetic history of their host-parasite associations. The project plan includes four major objectives: (1) reconstruct the genealogy of tinamou feather louse genera, including other major feather louse lineages, to determine whether tinamou feather lice as a whole are each other's closest relatives and whether host-switching and back colonization between tinamous and other avian families is prevalent in this louse group's diversification; (2) reconstruct a genealogy of tinamou species; (3) reconstruct genealogies of tinamou feather louse species from 10 focal genera; and (4) conduct analyses of these genealogies and associated genetic data including (a) a comparison of the genealogies of tinamou feather lice with the tinamou host phylogeny, (b) a comparison of the rates of DNA change between tinamous and their lice, and (c) a test for correlation between host and parasite body size, which is well documented in the literature but has not been well tested.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个项目是美国、巴西和秘鲁的几位鸟类学家和寄生虫学家合作的，目的是研究家谱以及最古老的鸟类血统之一Tinamale和它们极其多样化的寄生羽毛虱之间的相互作用。该团队将使用现代下一代基因组测序方法分析鸟类和寄生虫标本及其DNA，以重建这些古代鸟类与它们的寄生虫之间的谱系和历史联系。这种高度多样化的鼠虱系统是一个研究重要模式和过程的模型，这些模式和过程对于了解寄生虫的多样性和在新宿主上的定殖史至关重要。因此，为该项目分析的数据将填补我们对宿主-寄生虫相互作用基本原理的一般理解中的关键知识空白，因此对于更好地理解支配人类寄生虫相互作用的基本生物学原理具有重要意义。本科生、研究生、一名博士后研究员和三名高中生将积极参与该项目，其中几名学员来自代表性不足的群体。项目参与者还将把高质量的博物馆标本和数据存入公开的博物馆收藏品和数据库。最后，项目人员将与自然科学院公共教育和展览部门合作，参与公共推广活动，并开发关于寄生虫多样性和进化的展览。本研究将使用下一代全基因组测序技术收集9属47种类似蟋蟀的小蜂类及其羽虱18属的DNA序列。蒂纳姆毛虱是在任何禽类宿主群体中发现的最多样化的羽虱群落。然而，无论是天敌还是它们的虱子都没有得到很好的研究，也没有完整的已发表的系谱来重建它们在深层次时间尺度上的寄主-寄生虫相互作用的历史。这种寄生在一个寄主谱系上的异常高的寄生虫多样性可能是铁皮生殖古老历史的产物，为寄生虫的物种形成、定植和反向定植提供了广泛的时间。这个项目的目的是利用全基因组DNA序列数据重建铁皮虱属和它们的羽虱的强大谱系，以解开它们的宿主-寄生虫关系的共生史。项目计划包括四个主要目标：(1)重建包括其他主要羽虱谱系在内的蒂纳毛毛虱属的谱系，以确定蒂纳毛毛虱作为一个整体是否为彼此的近亲，以及该虱类与其他鸟类家族之间的寄主转换和回定植是否普遍存在；(2)重建蒂纳毛毛虱物种的系谱；(3)从10个焦点属重建蒂纳毛毛虱物种的谱系；以及(4)对这些家谱和相关的遗传数据进行分析，包括(A)比较蒂纳毛毛虱的家谱和蒂纳毛毛虱的宿主系统学，(B)比较丁纳毛和它们的虱子之间的DNA变化率，以及(C)测试宿主和寄生虫身体大小之间的相关性，这在文献中有很好的记录，但还没有得到很好的测试。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。