Excellence in Research: Mechanistic Prediction of Soil Microbial Response to Temperature Change

卓越研究：土壤微生物对温度变化响应的机制预测

• 批准号: 1900885
• 负责人: Jianwei Li
• 金额: $ 99.94万
• 依托单位: Tennessee State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1900885&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Excellence; Research; Mechanistic; Prediction; Soil

Microbes in soils break down organic material and produce CO2, a major greenhouse gas in the atmosphere responsible for global warming. In turn, rising temperatures may increase the activity of these microbes, causing more CO2 to be lost to the atmosphere. The so-called positive feedback is a daunting threat to ecosystem sustainability and human society. However, responses of microbes in soils are complex. Different microbial groups may respond differently to temperature increase through changes in growth, composition and physiology. There may also be genetic changes to these microbes, which may profoundly change the impact of microbial activities. Genetic changes in response to temperature increases have rarely been studied. In addition, soil organic carbon varies substantially in how quickly it can be decomposed by microbes as temperatures increase. Given this level of complexity, it is difficult to achieve accurate predictions of soil response to temperature change. This research will design a unique soil warming experiment to test hypotheses on microbial responses to future environmental changes. Results will add substantially to knowledge on carbon cycling and allow better forecasts of environmental changes. In addition, this project will greatly increase research capacity at an institution serving underrepresented minorities, with strong impacts on their training and retention in STEM fields.In this project, it is hypothesized that soil warming will cause consistently more CO2 loss to the atmosphere. This is likely driven by greater microbial decomposition of recalcitrant carbon compounds in soil organic matter (SOM), supported by elevated phenolic oxidase activity and greater diversity in fungal laccase genes. To address this hypothesis, a soil warming infrastructure will be established at Tennessee State University (TSU) to collect high frequency data on soil respiration, SOM content and quality, microbial community composition, extracellular enzyme activities, and microbial genomic information for at least two years. It is further hypothesized that thermal adaptation will result in decreased carbon use efficiency (CUE) and accelerated biomass turnover (rB) of microbial communities under warming. To address this hypothesis, the streams of data collected in the experiment will be integrated with a microbial ecosystem model to estimate the temperature sensitivities of CUE and rB. These efforts will improve the mechanistic understanding of soil microbial community response to temperature change. The project results should improve the representation of microbial processes in Earth system models. By developing strong research collaborations with the University of California Irvine (UCI), a leading institution in microbial and ecological sciences, this project will enable underrepresented minorities to participate in learning state-of-the-art modeling skills, and to get hands-on experience in microbial and molecular analytical techniques.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

土壤中的微生物分解有机材料并产生二氧化碳，这是负责全球变暖的大气中的主要温室气体。反过来，温度升高可能会增加这些微生物的活性，从而导致更多的二氧化碳流失在大气中。所谓的积极反馈是对生态系统可持续性和人类社会的巨大威胁。但是，土壤中微生物的反应很复杂。不同的微生物组可能会因生长，组成和生理学的变化而对温度升高的反应不同。这些微生物也可能会发生遗传变化，这可能会深刻地改变微生物活性的影响。 很少研究对温度升高的遗传变化。此外，土壤有机碳在温度升高的情况下会因微生物分解的速度而有很大差异。鉴于这种复杂程度，很难准确地预测土壤对温度变化的反应。这项研究将设计一个独特的土壤变暖实验，以测试有关对未来环境变化的微生物反应的假设。结果将大大增加有关碳循环的知识，并可以更好地预测环境变化。此外，该项目将大大提高服务不足少数群体的机构的研究能力，对其在STEM领域的培训和保留率产生强烈影响。在该项目中，假设土壤变暖将导致大气持续造成更多的二氧化碳损失。这可能是由土壤有机物（SOM）中顽固碳化合物的更大微生物分解驱动的，并由真菌漆酶基因的酚类氧化酶活性升高和较高的多样性支持。为了解决这一假设，将在田纳西州立大学（TSU）建立土壤变暖基础设施，以收集有关土壤呼吸，SOM含量和质量，微生物社区组成，细胞外酶活性以及微生物基因组信息至少两年的高频数据。进一步假设，热适应会导致碳利用效率（CUE）降低，并且在变暖下的微生物群落加速了生物量转移（RB）。为了解决这一假设，实验中收集的数据流将与微生物生态系统模型集成，以估计提示和RB的温度敏感性。这些努力将提高对土壤微生物社区对温度变化的反应的机械理解。项目结果应改善地球系统模型中微生物过程的表示。通过与加利福尼亚大学尔湾分校（UCI）建立强大的研究合作，这是微生物和生态科学领域的领先机构，该项目将使代表性不足的少数群体能够参与学习最先进的建模技能，并通过评估NSF的宣传授权，并获得了智能奖，并获得了智力的授权。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Soil extracellular oxidases mediated nitrogen fertilization effects on soil organic carbon sequestration in bioenergy croplands

• DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.12860
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: GCB Bioenergy
• 作者: Jianjun Duan;Mingzhang Yuan;Siyang Jian;L. Gamage;Madhav Parajuli;Kudjo E. Dzantor;D. Hui;P. Fay;Jianwei Li

Effects of nitrogen fertilization and bioenergy crop type on topsoil organic carbon and total Nitrogen contents in middle Tennessee USA

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230688
• 发表时间: 2020-03-30
• 期刊: PLOS ONE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Li, Jianwei;Jian, Siyang;Hui, Dafeng
• 通讯作者: Hui, Dafeng

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment

模拟土壤孵化实验中的温度

• DOI: 10.3791/64081
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Visualized Experiments
• 作者: Li, Jianwei;Areeveso, Precious;Wang, Xuehan;Jian, Siyang;Gamage, Lahiru
• 通讯作者: Gamage, Lahiru

How much is soil nitrous oxide emission reduced with biochar application? An evaluation of meta‐analyses

• DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.13003
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 期刊: GCB Bioenergy
• 作者: N. Kaur;C. Kieffer;Wei Ren;D. Hui

Nitrogen Fertilization Restructured Spatial Patterns of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in Switchgrass and Gamagrass Croplands in Tennessee USA

氮肥重构美国田纳西州柳枝稷和伽马草农田土壤有机碳和全氮的空间格局

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58217-x
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Scientific Reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Li, Jianwei;Jian, Siyang;Lane, Chad S.;Guo, Chunlan;Lu, YueHan;Deng, Qi;Mayes, Melanie A.;Dzantor, Kudjo E.;Hui, Dafeng
• 通讯作者: Hui, Dafeng