RAPID: Collaborative Research: Assessing Chemical and Microbiological Contamination in Environmental Waters in Eastern North Carolina after Hurricane Florence

RAPID：合作研究：评估飓风佛罗伦萨后北卡罗来纳州东部环境水域的化学和微生物污染

• 批准号: 1901202
• 负责人: Diego Riveros-Iregui
• 金额: $ 5.03万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-01 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1901202&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Assessing; Chemical

Hurricane Florence passed through southeast North Carolina in 2018 resulting in widespread flooding. The counties most affected by flooding house thousands of swine and poultry confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs). These areas are also home to many low-income, African American, Hispanic, and American Indian communities. The objective of this research is to study the spread of contaminants into the environment caused by Hurricane floodwaters. The pollutants assessed include heavy metals from coal ash, emerging chemical contaminants related to industrial and municipal wastewater, and pathogens and nutrients associated with CAFOs. This project will result in improved understanding of the risks posed by extreme flooding. Local communities affected by the flooding will be engaged in this research through the identification of sampling sites and communication of research results. The results will have broader impact through the identification of waste management operations that can be modified to prevent such releases in future flooding events.The central aim of this work is to assess microbial and chemical contamination of the environment near livestock and industrial operations flooding caused by Hurricane Florence floodwaters. A secondary aim is to understand the relative impacts of different land-usage and livestock waste management practices on contaminant loading. To achieve these aims, this research project has the following objectives: (1) Collect samples to quantify spatiotemporal variability in molecular targets for microbial contamination (i.e., human-, poultry-, and swine-specific fecal microbial source tracking targets and antimicrobial resistance genes), nutrients (N and P), heavy metals, and chemical contaminants of emerging concern; (2) Identify spatial relationships between contamination, flooding extent, land-use (e.g., CAFO densities, industrial sites, urban areas) and manure management practices using satellite imagery and machine learning techniques; (3) Assess persistence of biological and chemical species in the natural environment post-flooding. To achieve these objectives, the research team will sample across 50 sites in multiple coastal plain river basins where intense flooding occurred after Hurricane Florence to map advanced chemical and biological water quality indicators in high spatial resolution. The team sampled within a week after the hurricane, and then will sample after ~1 month, ~2 months, and ~6 months. Knowledge gained from this study will directly inform improvements to emergency management protocols post-hurricane in landscapes with many contaminant sources. The work will have broader impact through the promulgation of waste management recommendations that account for the increasing likelihood and severity of extreme flooding events expected in the future as our climate changes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

佛罗伦萨飓风于2018年穿越北卡罗来纳州东南部，导致广泛的洪水。受洪水泛滥成千上万的猪和家禽限制动物喂养行动（CAFO）影响最大的县。这些地区也是许多低收入，非裔美国人，西班牙裔和美洲印第安人社区的所在地。这项研究的目的是研究由飓风洪水引起的污染物传播到环境中的传播。评估的污染物包括煤灰的重金属，与工业和市政废水有关的新兴化学污染物以及与CAFOS相关的病原体和营养素。该项目将提高人们对极端洪水带来的风险的了解。受洪水影响的当地社区将通过识别抽样站点和研究结果的交流来参与这项研究。结果将通过识别废物管理操作而产生更大的影响，这些操作可以进行修改以防止在未来的洪水事件中进行此类发行。这项工作的核心目的是评估牲畜附近环境的微生物和化学污染，以及由飓风佛罗伦萨洪水造成的工业运营洪水。第二个目的是了解不同的土地us和牲畜废物管理实践对污染物负荷的相对影响。为了实现这些目的，该研究项目具有以下目标：（1）收集样品以量化微生物污染的分子靶标的时空变异性（即人类，家禽和猪特异性粪便微生物源源跟踪靶标和抗菌素抵抗基因，n and contermer（n and conters），重量数不为）和化学符号，并且是化学因素（n emers and conters and conters and conters and conters and conters and conters and conters and conters and） （2）使用卫星图像和机器学习技巧，确定污染，洪水范围，土地利用（例如CAFO密度，工业地点，城市地区）与肥料管理实践之间的空间关系； （3）评估植物后自然环境中生物学和化学物种的持久性。为了实现这些目标，研究团队将在佛罗伦萨飓风飓风后，在高空间分辨率中绘制高级化学和生物水质指标后发生巨大洪水的50个地点进行采样。 团队在飓风后的一周内进行了采样，然后在约1个月，〜2个月和〜6个月后进行采样。从这项研究中获得的知识将直接为赫鲁里奇（Hurricane）后紧急管理方案的改进提供景观的改进，并具有许多污染物来源。通过颁布废物管理建议，这项工作将产生更广泛的影响，这些建议是随着我们的气候变化而预期的极端洪水事件的日益严重性和严重性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来支持的。