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CHS:MEDIUM: Understanding Public Uses of Data and Dashboards

CHS:MEDIUM：了解数据和仪表板的公共用途

基本信息

批准号：
1901367
负责人：
Paul Dourish
金额：
$ 81.43万
依托单位：
University of California-Irvine
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-06-15 至 2024-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1901367&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CHS MEDIUM Understanding Public Uses

项目摘要

Just as data-intensive technologies have spread in the business sector, so too have they increasingly been deployed by public institutions, including city, state, and local governments. Many public-serving institutions are currently expanding their capacity to create and use data by investing in infrastructure, hiring qualified experts such as data scientists or data engineers, and retooling their organizations to incorporate data gathering and data analysis into key processes. Central to these efforts are the production and circulation of "data dashboards". Dashboards are dynamic visual composites that summarize and collate data from multiple sources, and they serve as a primary site of the communication of data work to stakeholders and the public. Dashboards use graphical conventions to simplify and present the underlying data they represent, providing snapshots of civic activity derived from diverse data streams. By consulting data, publishing dashboards, and promoting this work to internal and external constituencies, public organizations hope to achieve more effective decision-making, competitive advantage over other organizations, more efficient allocation of resources, and greater understanding of the audiences they wish to reach. But public sector organizations differ from their private sector analogues in many vital ways and research to date has yet to fully explore exactly what public institutions mean when they aspire to make themselves data-driven, and the effects this has on public services and outcomes.This project looks at public-serving data work in general and dashboards in particular as sites of interpretation and contestation, as artefacts that embody arguments about the public interest. The project team uses ethnographic approaches to study how people in public administration put data to work. In particular, the project team examines the role played by data dashboards, including how they are developed and how they are used to communicate with the public. This research focuses on four related questions: 1) How are dashboards and visualizations incorporated into organizational processes of deliberation, communication, and decision-making? 2) How do dashboards circulate within and amongst organizations with a public service mission? 3) How do domain experts interact with dashboards meant to inform their work? 4) How does the public interact with dashboards meant to explain organizational activity? This project will give insight into the construction of dashboards by focusing on the conditions and sites where they are produced, on the the data professionals and other who design, code, and implement them, on the platforms that make them possible, and on the audiences who encounter and interact with finished visualizations. This project uses two sites of important public work: city government and public education.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

正如数据密集型技术在商业领域的传播一样，它们也越来越多地被公共机构部署，包括市、州和地方政府。许多公共服务机构目前正在扩大其创建和使用数据的能力，方法是投资于基础设施，雇用合格的专家，如数据科学家或数据工程师，并重组其组织，将数据收集和数据分析纳入关键流程。这些努力的核心是制作和分发“数据仪表板”。仪表板是一种动态的视觉组合，它总结和整理来自多个来源的数据，它们是向利益相关者和公众传达数据工作的主要站点。仪表板使用图形约定来简化和呈现它们所表示的底层数据，提供从不同数据流中派生的公民活动的快照。公共组织希望通过查阅数据、发布仪表板以及向内部和外部支持者宣传这一工作，实现更有效的决策、相对于其他组织的竞争优势、更有效的资源分配以及更好地了解它们希望接触的受众。但公共部门组织在许多重要方面与私营部门的类似组织不同，迄今为止的研究尚未充分探索公共机构在渴望使自己成为数据驱动时究竟意味着什么，以及这对公共服务和成果的影响。本项目着眼于一般的公共服务数据工作，特别是作为解释和解释网站的仪表板，作为体现公众利益的艺术品。项目小组使用人种学方法研究公共行政人员如何利用数据。特别是，项目小组审查了数据仪表板所发挥的作用，包括它们是如何开发的，以及如何用于与公众沟通。本研究关注四个相关问题：1）仪表板和可视化如何融入组织的审议，沟通和决策过程？2)仪表板如何在具有公共服务使命的组织内部和之间传播？3)领域专家如何与仪表板交互，以告知他们的工作？4)公众如何与旨在解释组织活动的仪表板互动？该项目将通过关注仪表板的生产条件和地点，数据专业人员和其他设计，编码和实施它们的人，使它们成为可能的平台，以及遇到并与完成的可视化交互的受众，来深入了解仪表板的构建。该项目使用了两个重要的公共工作场所：市政府和公共教育。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Numbers will not save us: Agonistic data practices

DOI：
10.1080/01972243.2021.1920081
发表时间：
2021-04-21
期刊：
INFORMATION SOCIETY
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Crooks, Roderic;Currie, Morgan
通讯作者：
Currie, Morgan

Getting Ourselves Together: Data-centered participatory design research & epistemic burden

让我们团结起来：以数据为中心的参与式设计研究

DOI：
10.1145/3411764.3445103
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
影响因子：
0
作者：
Pierre, Jennifer;Crooks, Roderic;Currie, Morgan;Paris, Britt;Pasquetto, Irene
通讯作者：
Pasquetto, Irene

Productive myopia: Racialized organizations and edtech

生产性近视：种族化组织和教育科技