权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Cultural History of Theft: A Foundation Myth

盗窃的文化史：一个基础神话

基本信息

批准号：
237482448
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Dorothee Kimmich
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Politische Theorie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/237482448?language=en
关键词：
Cultural History Theft Foundation Myth

项目摘要

The sly, cunning, brave, and clever thief is a prominent character: Narrations of theft centrally belong to both the Greek and Christian foundation myths that cultural history has varied up to the very present in many ways. Prometheus steals fire from the gods; Hermes hides the cattle that he stole from Apollo; Adam and Eve take the forbidden apple.Yet, theft can not only be located within the complex of these basic transgressions that concern cultural identity, it also shapes the narrations of self-positing, i.e. the constitution of the individual subject, as seen in Augustine's Confessions or in Rousseau. In modern literature, theft is also a popular means of selfdetermination: Poe's The Purloined Letter, the works of Musil, Zweig, Schnitzler, Genet, and Loher - all of them portray successful thieves.Theft has to be distinguished from robbery, abduction, trover, and extortion, since the latter imply the use of power: Theft is not based on power, it is based on cunning.Theft's specific feature lies in its ambiguity since it contains both participation and alienation: On one hand, the stolen goods bind the thief to his victim in participation, on the other hand, the thief alienates himself with the act of thievery. Consequently, the beginning is not an absolute one; it always refers to the previous event and, therefore, is not really an 'origin': In the scope of theft, self-positing and cultural identity always refer to both tradition and innovation at the same time. Hence, including autonomy and heteronomy, innovation and tradition, participation and alienation, protest and guilt, this ambivalence predestines the action of theft to be a more than productive philosophical and literary figure.Yet, topics like self-positing, autonomy, use of power, and the question of origins often highlight narrations of theft as texts that delve on the borderline between philosophical and literary reflexion. In order to examine the phenomenon of theft, literary texts have thus to be read as philosophical ones, and - vice versa - philosophical texts have to be read as literary ones. In other words: One has to choose a metaphorological approach that clarifies both collective and individual mythologems. The gains are twofold: On one hand, the reciprocal relationship between literature and philosophy can be examined, and on the other hand, their connecting factors can be made visible.Narrations of theft or the metaphorical usage of theft - that is the project's hypothesis - describe an action that constitutes a culture, a discourse, or the subjectivity and sovereignty of an individual.The project opens a genuine discussion on the research of national, cultural, and individual foundation myths. For the first time, it is concerned with a basically unexplored mythologem that has been highly productive from antiquity to the present.

狡猾、狡猾、勇敢和聪明的小偷是一个突出的角色：关于盗窃的叙述主要属于希腊和基督教的基础神话，文化历史在许多方面一直变化到现在。普罗米修斯从神那里偷火;爱马仕把他从阿波罗那里偷来的牛藏起来;亚当和夏娃拿走了禁果。然而，盗窃不仅可以定位在这些涉及文化身份的基本违法行为的复合体中，它还塑造了自我定位的叙述，即个体主体的构成，如奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》或卢梭所见。在现代文学中，盗窃也是一种流行的自我决定的手段：坡的《失窃的信》，穆齐尔、茨威格、施尼茨勒、热内和洛赫的作品，都描绘了成功的小偷。盗窃必须与抢劫、绑架、掠夺和勒索区分开来，因为后者意味着使用权力：盗窃不是以权力为基础的，而是以狡猾为基础的，盗窃的特殊性在于它的模糊性，它既包含参与性，又包含异化性：赃物一方面使盗窃者与被害人在参与上产生了联系，另一方面又使盗窃者与盗窃行为产生了疏离。因此，开始不是绝对的，它总是指的是以前的事件，因此，不是真正的“起源”：在盗窃的范围内，自我定位和文化认同总是同时指的是传统和创新。因此，包括自主和他律、创新和传统、参与和异化、抗议和内疚在内的这种矛盾心理注定了盗窃行为不仅仅是一个富有成效的哲学和文学形象。然而，诸如自我定位、自主、权力的使用和起源问题等主题往往突出了盗窃叙事，因为它们是在哲学和文学反思之间徘徊的文本。为了考察盗窃现象，文学文本必须被当作哲学文本来读，反之亦然，哲学文本也必须被当作文学文本来读。换句话说：人们必须选择一种隐喻的方法来澄清集体和个人的神话。收益是双重的：一方面，文学和哲学之间的相互关系可以被考察，另一方面，它们之间的联系因素可以被看到。盗窃的叙述或盗窃的隐喻用法--这是该项目的假设--描述了一种构成文化、话语或个人主体性和主权的行为。该项目开启了一场关于国家、民族、宗教和宗教的研究的真正讨论，文化和个人的基础神话。这是第一次，它关注的是一个基本上未被探索的神话，从古代到现在一直是高度生产力。