Establishing Water's Role in the Mechanism of Atmospheric New Particle Formation
确定水在大气新颗粒形成机制中的作用
基本信息
- 批准号:1905172
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 44.5万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-11-01 至 2023-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The Environmental Chemical Sciences Program of the NSF Division of Chemistry funds Professor Christopher Johnson at Stony Brook University to study the formation of new particles, called aerosols, directly from gases in the Earth's atmosphere. This is an important process, but no complete framework exists to predict particle formation and growth rates. In particular, the role of water in these processes is unknown, because it is difficult to detect its presence and structure in new particles. This project focuses on isolating "seed" particles with precisely known composition and growing them in inside a mass spectrometer under precisely controlled conditions. This allows the exact changes in composition to be followed one molecule at a time. Water vapor pressure is controlled to determine whether it speeds up growth. Molecular clusters containing water are analyzed to determine the cause of the rate increase. This work establishes how water impacts particle formation and provides critical comparisons for theoretical efforts to predict particle formation rates. This will ultimately help to reduce uncertainties in global climate models. The project provides training and research opportunities for graduate students. In addition, Professor Johnson and his students engage in outreach to the broader public through demonstrations and visualizations of particles forming clouds. This project directly addresses the mechanistic impacts of water on new particle formation. Using variable-temperature ion trap mass spectrometry techniques, the kinetics and energetics of growth are determined for precisely specified seed clusters consisting of sulfuric acid and a set of organic acids and amine bases, in the presence or absence of water. Three hypotheses are being tested: (1) Water serves as a "sacrificial ligand" that enhances the sticking of incoming vapors. (2) Water stabilizes surface-bound molecules through cooperative hydrogen bonding. (3) Water catalyzes growth by lowering the barrier to structural rearrangement of the existing cluster to accommodate incoming vapors. The critical structural features of seed and product clusters are characterized by in situ vibrational spectroscopy to determine the most active sites for growth. This work is carried out in collaboration with theoreticians modeling particle growth. The experiments can validate the theoretical approaches and the calculations provide additional insights into experimental results. This project is expected to yield enhanced predictions of growth rates, explicitly including water, that can be adapted to regional climate models. In addition to providing training and research opportunities to students, Professor Johnson also plans to interact with the Alan Alda Center at Stonybrook on promoting science communication.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
美国国家科学基金会化学部的环境化学科学项目资助石溪大学的克里斯托弗·约翰逊教授研究新粒子的形成,称为气溶胶,直接来自地球大气中的气体。这是一个重要的过程,但没有完整的框架来预测颗粒的形成和生长速度。特别是,水在这些过程中的作用是未知的,因为很难检测到它在新粒子中的存在和结构。该项目的重点是分离具有精确已知成分的“种子”粒子,并在精确控制的条件下在质谱仪内培养它们。这样就可以一次跟踪一个分子组成的确切变化。通过控制水蒸气压力来确定它是否会加速生长。分析含有水的分子团簇,以确定速率增加的原因。这项工作确定了水如何影响颗粒形成,并为预测颗粒形成速率的理论努力提供了关键的比较。这最终将有助于减少全球气候模式的不确定性。该项目为研究生提供培训和研究机会。此外,约翰逊教授和他的学生通过示范和粒子形成云的可视化,向更广泛的公众宣传。该项目直接解决了水对新颗粒形成的机制影响。使用变温离子阱质谱技术,在存在或不存在水的情况下,精确确定由硫酸和一组有机酸和胺碱组成的特定种子簇的生长动力学和能量学。有三种假设正在被验证:(1)水作为一种“牺牲配体”,可以增强进入的蒸汽的粘附性。(2)水通过协同氢键稳定表面结合的分子。(3)水通过降低现有簇结构重排的障碍来促进生长,以容纳进入的蒸汽。种子和产物簇的关键结构特征是通过原位振动光谱来确定最活跃的生长位点。这项工作是与模拟粒子生长的理论家合作进行的。实验验证了理论方法,计算结果为实验结果提供了新的见解。该项目预计将产生更准确的增长率预测,明确包括水,可适应区域气候模型。除了为学生提供培训和研究机会外,约翰逊教授还计划与斯通布鲁克的艾伦·阿尔达中心进行互动,以促进科学传播。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(5)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Establishing the structural motifs present in small ammonium and aminium bisulfate clusters of relevance to atmospheric new particle formation
- DOI:10.1063/5.0015094
- 发表时间:2020-07-21
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.4
- 作者:Kreinbihl, John J.;Frederiks, Nicoline C.;Johnson, Christopher J.
- 通讯作者:Johnson, Christopher J.
Excited-State Copper-Catalyzed [4 + 1] Annulation Reaction Enables Modular Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated-γ-Lactams.
- DOI:10.1021/jacs.2c09006
- 发表时间:2022-11-16
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:15
- 作者:Sarkar, Satavisha;Banerjee, Arghya;Shah, Jagrut A.;Mukherjee, Upasana;Frederiks, Nicoline C.;Johnson, Christopher J.;Ngai, Ming-Yu
- 通讯作者:Ngai, Ming-Yu
Spectroscopic Studies of Clusters of Atmospheric Relevance
与大气相关的星团的光谱研究
- DOI:10.1146/annurev-physchem-062322-041503
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:14.7
- 作者:Frederiks, Nicoline C.;Hariharan, Annapoorani;Johnson, Christopher J.
- 通讯作者:Johnson, Christopher J.
Hydration motifs of ammonium bisulfate clusters show complex temperature dependence
硫酸氢铵簇的水合基序表现出复杂的温度依赖性
- DOI:10.1063/5.0037965
- 发表时间:2021
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Kreinbihl, John J.;Frederiks, Nicoline C.;Johnson, Christopher J.
- 通讯作者:Johnson, Christopher J.
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Christopher Johnson其他文献
Investigation of Titanium Nitride as Material for Nanoelectrodes in Biosensing Applications
氮化钛作为生物传感应用中纳米电极材料的研究
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Nina Häselhoff;Ulrich Hasenkox;Martina Hübner;Christopher Johnson;J. Ott;Daniel Pantel - 通讯作者:
Daniel Pantel
A fatal case of bowel obstruction caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy
非甾体抗炎药肠病致肠梗阻死亡一例
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
W. Huddleston;Christopher Johnson - 通讯作者:
Christopher Johnson
Cardiac issues in the young athlete
年轻运动员的心脏问题
- DOI:
10.1097/01.csmr.0000306435.36606.0a - 发表时间:
2006 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.8
- 作者:
Susan Cochella;Christopher Johnson - 通讯作者:
Christopher Johnson
Chapter Six Designer basic/leucine-zipper proteins as regulators of plant detoxification genes
第六章 设计碱性/亮氨酸拉链蛋白作为植物解毒基因的调节剂
- DOI:
10.1016/s0079-9920(01)80007-1 - 发表时间:
2001 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
A. Rahbar;Christopher Johnson;J. Arias - 通讯作者:
J. Arias
Input to the Talanoa Dialogue from Climate Analytics
气候分析对塔拉诺阿对话的投入
- DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199688418.003.0024_update_001 - 发表时间:
2018 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Christopher Johnson;R. Conway;Lesley F. Thomson;A. Pitkin;R. Drew - 通讯作者:
R. Drew
Christopher Johnson的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Christopher Johnson', 18)}}的其他基金
MRI: Development of a Mass Spectrometer for Isomer-selective Thermochemical, Structural, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Bimolecular Interactions
MRI:开发用于双分子相互作用异构体选择性热化学、结构和光谱表征的质谱仪
- 批准号:
2215900 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
GEOPATHS: IMPACT Geoscience Student Research and Ambassador Program
GEOPATHS:影响地球科学学生研究和大使计划
- 批准号:
1701031 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Phase II IUCRC University of Louisville: Center for Health Organization Transformation (CHOT)
第二阶段 IUCRC 路易斯维尔大学:卫生组织转型中心 (CHOT)
- 批准号:
1738359 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
EAR-PF: Properties of the shallow crust around the San Jacinto Fault Zone characterized by joint geodetic and seismic analysis
EAR-PF:通过联合大地测量和地震分析表征的圣哈辛托断层带周围浅地壳的特性
- 批准号:
1725344 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship Award
Complex Acid-Base Chemistry in Minimal Solvation Environments - The Case of Atmospheric New Particle Formation
最小溶剂化环境中的复杂酸碱化学 - 以大气新粒子形成为例
- 批准号:
1566019 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
EPSRC Challenge Network in Automotive Power Electronics
EPSRC 汽车电力电子挑战网络
- 批准号:
EP/P00136X/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Underpinning Power Electronics 2012: Hub
2012 年电力电子基础:中心
- 批准号:
EP/K035304/1 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
SoFo (ScOre FOllow on Project)
SoFo(ScOre 关注项目)
- 批准号:
EP/J013986/1 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Laboratory Investigations of the Chemistry of Newly Formed Atmospheric Aerosols
新形成的大气气溶胶的化学实验室研究
- 批准号:
1137404 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: CDI-Type II--The Open Wildland Fire Modeling E-community: A Virtual Organization Accelerating Research, Education, and Fire Management Technology
合作研究:CDI-Type II——开放荒地火灾建模电子社区:一个加速研究、教育和火灾管理技术的虚拟组织
- 批准号:
0835821 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 44.5万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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