RAPID: Collaborative Research: Using the Hurricane Michael Event Layer for Developing a Paleo-Tempestite Archive at Strandplain Swales, St. Vincent Island, Florida

该项目是对佛罗里达州潘汉德尔海岸飓风迈克尔事件的快速反应研究，该事件在2018年10月经历了这场四级风暴最严重的地貌影响。研究将集中于收集飓风迈克尔在佛罗里达州圣约瑟夫岛的海滩山脊洼地和佛罗里达州阿巴拉契科拉三角洲地区沉积的沉积物的岩芯和样本。这些最近沉积的沉积物和沉积物将有助于重建过去~ 3000年来影响美国墨西哥湾沿岸这一地区的飓风事件。对收集到的沉积物和地貌变化的进一步研究将有助于提供有关过去强风暴和飓风的频率、强度和风场（即风暴接近的方向）的详细信息。这项工作的更广泛影响包括对学生进行快速反应抽样技术的培训，并为沿海管理者、居民、保险公司和政策制定者提供有关美国墨西哥湾沿岸地区飓风频率和强度的信息。收集到的数据还可以推断人类和其他环境引起的气候变化对未来飓风的影响，并开发新的和高质量的替代记录，以了解过去的风暴事件。飓风迈克尔是袭击佛罗里达墨西哥湾沿岸的最强飓风，它提供了一个机会来研究如何在滩平原沉积物中记录风暴事件层（即风暴岩）。这项研究将对佛罗里达州圣文森特岛和阿巴拉契科拉三角洲湿地及邻近大陆的“迈克尔”飓风沉积物进行取样。项目目标是(1)绘制研究区域内Michael事件层的特征（如厚度、粒度、原始沉积结构），因为它是通过多个陆上洼地、小池塘和沿海湿地来表达的；(2)对Michael飓风事件层的岩心进行采集和取样，采用保留砂层光学激发发光特征的方法；(3)从多个来源（即机构和个人调查人员）收集辅助飓风迈克尔数据集的综合记录。目标是建立一个数据集，允许构建关键的时空参数，以塑造沿海系统（如圣文森特岛）对大风暴的形态响应，以及风场、风暴潮水平、波场和沿海流等各种参数在风暴过程中如何演变。Michael的数据集将提供关键信息，帮助我们识别圣文森特记录中的古风暴，提高我们对飓风风暴中光学刺激发光如何表达的理解，并允许校准过程-地貌响应的后投模型，从而重建单个古事件。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The project is a rapid-response study of the Hurricane Michael event along the Florida Panhandle coast that experienced the most severe geomorphological impact of this high Category 4 storm in October 2018. Research will focus on collecting cores and samples from sediments deposited by Hurricane Michael on beach ridge swales of St. Joseph Island, Florida and in the area of the Florida Apalachicola Delta. These recently deposited sediments and deposits will have relevance to establishing possible reconstructions of hurricane events over the last ~3,000 years that have impacted this section of the Gulf Coast of the US. Further study of collected sediments and geomorphic changes will help provide detailed information about the frequency, intensity, and wind fields (i.e., direction of storm approach) of strong storms and hurricanes in the past. Broader impacts of the work include student training in rapid response sampling techniques and in providing information that can be used by coastal managers, residents, insurance companies and policy makers regarding the frequency and intensities of hurricanes in this part of the US Gulf Coast. The data collected may also allow inference as to the impacts of human and other environmentally-induced climate change on future hurricanes and the development of new and high-quality proxy records for understanding past storm events.Hurricane Michael, the strongest hurricane known to hit the Florida Gulf Coast, provides an opportunity to examine how a storm event layer (i.e., tempestite) is recorded in strandplain deposits. This research will sample Hurricane Michael deposits on St. Vincent Island, Florida and those in the wetlands of the Apalachicola Delta and adjacent mainland. Project objectives are to (1) map the characteristics (e.g., thickness, granulometry, primary sedimentary structures) of the Michael event layers in the study area as it is expressed across multiple subaerial swales, swale ponds, and coastal wetlands; (2) collect and sample cores of the Hurricane Michael event layer using procedures that will preserve the optically stimulated luminescence signature of the sand fraction; and (3) gather a comprehensive record of ancillary Hurricane Michael datasets from multiple sources (i.e., agencies and individual investigators). Goals are to build a dataset to allow construction of key spatio-temporal parameters shaping the morphological response of coastal systems, like St. Vincent Island, to major storms and how various parameters, such as wind field, storm surge level, wave field, and coastal currents evolved over the course of the storm. The Michael dataset will provide critical information that can aid in recognizing paleo-tempestites in the St. Vincent record, improve our understanding of how optically stimulated luminescence is expressed in hurricane tempestites, and allow calibration of hindcast models of process-geomorphological response that can reconstruct individual paleo-events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.