RAPID:Geomorphic Changes to the Amite River Channel and Floodbasin Induced by the August 2016 Flood in Louisiana

RAPID：2016 年 8 月路易斯安那州洪水引起的阿米特河道和洪泛区地貌变化

• 批准号: 1660244
• 负责人: Mead Allison
• 金额: $ 4.82万
• 依托单位: The Water Institute of the Gulf
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-02-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1660244&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Geomorphic; Changes; Amite; River

The long-duration Louisiana rainfall event of August 2016 was not anticipated and the extent of flooding came as an unwelcome surprise. This RAPID project will document how human interventions on the landscape surrounding the Amite River may have influenced the extent and patterns of flooding. Specifically, mining of gravel from the river and floodplains has led to large areas of mobile sand and channel shortening as well as the subsequent remobilization of sediment into cypress swamps and delta regions. Data gathered from this project will map the extent of high water and sediment deposition in order to develop models that will help predict the response to future heavy-rainfall episodes.This RAPID project will support a field effort (1) to document the geomorphic response of the Amite River to the August 2016 rainfall, (2) to analyze channel planform changes and cross-check with remote-sensing images and (3) to develop numerical models for predicting morphological response to future events. In addition, the research will examine flood layer deposition in the lower Amite River basin to quantify and map the sediment distribution from the flood. Choking of the lower basin channel by bed-load material may have exacerbated backwater flooding in some areas. However, the sediment may also nourish the cypress-tupelo swamps in the lower basin that have been sediment-starved due to isolation from the Mississippi River and are drowning under rising sea levels.

2016年8月路易斯安那州的长时间降雨事件是没有预料到的，洪水的程度是一个不受欢迎的惊喜。这个快速项目将记录人类对阿米特河周围景观的干预如何影响洪水的程度和模式。具体而言，从河流和洪泛区开采砾石导致大面积的移动的砂和河道缩短，以及随后沉积物重新移动到柏树沼泽和三角洲地区。该项目收集的数据将绘制高水位和沉积物沉积的范围，以开发有助于预测未来强降雨事件响应的模型。该RAPID项目将支持实地工作（1）记录阿米特河对2016年8月降雨的地貌响应，（2）分析河道平面形态变化并与遥感图像进行交叉检验;（3）建立数值模型，预测未来事件的形态响应。此外，该研究还将检查阿米特河下游流域的洪水层沉积，以量化和绘制洪水沉积物分布图。底沙物质对下游流域河道的堵塞可能加剧了某些地区的回水泛滥。然而，沉积物也可能滋养下游盆地的柏树-tupelo沼泽，这些沼泽由于与密西西比河隔离而缺乏沉积物，并在海平面上升下淹没。