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NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2019: Tempo and mode in the abyss: evolution following colonization of the deep sea

2019 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：深渊中的节奏和模式：深海殖民后的进化

基本信息

批准号：
1906574
负责人：
Elizabeth Miller
金额：
$ 13.8万
依托单位：
Miller, Elizabeth Christina
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Fellowship Award
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-01-01 至 2023-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1906574&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship Biology FY

项目摘要

This action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2019, Research Using Biological Collections. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will utilize biological collections in innovative ways. Fish entered the deep sea many times from shallow habitats, where most marine life on Earth lives. It has long been thought that evolution proceeds slowly in the cold and dark environment of the deep sea (defined as below 200 meters). In conflict with this view, however, many deep-sea families have a surprising diversity of species and body forms. By combining a family history of shallow and deep fish lineages with 3-D scans of fish specimens, the fellow will understand how quickly deep-sea forms evolved relative to the pace of evolution in their shallow relatives. This project has the potential to transform our understanding of the formation of biodiversity in the world's oceans. The project will integrate diverse data types including time-calibrated molecular phylogenies, palaeoceanographic proxy data for past oceanic conditions, and 3-D scans of preserved fish specimens. The first objective is to reconstruct ancestral depth and habitat types on a large phylogeny of all ray-finned fishes. This will allow the fellow to identify the number and timing of all known transitions to the deep sea, as well as possible conditions that favor such transitions such as life habits or oceanographic conditions. Broad-scale analyses across fishes will be paired with detailed investigations within three focal groups of varying ages with both shallow and deep members (lizardfishes, anglerfishes, and snailfishes). The fellow will collect 3-D microcomputed tomography scans to analyze the rate and direction of body shape evolution following deep-sea transition. Towards this goal, a new phylogeny of the anglerfishes (Lophiiformes) will be constructed with unprecedented taxonomic sampling. This project will primarily utilize specimens and tissues housed at the Burke Museum at the University of Washington, as well as scanning technology housed at Friday Harbor Laboratories. The fellow will gain training in the use of modern technology and approaches for studying the evolution of morphology in a phylogenetic framework. In addition, the 3-D scans will become publicly available, and will be used in K-12, undergraduate, and public outreach educational materials.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这一行动为NSF 2019财年生物学博士后研究奖学金-使用生物收藏进行研究-提供资金。该奖学金支持将以创新方式利用生物收藏的研究员的研究和培训。鱼类多次从地球上大多数海洋生物生活的浅海栖息地进入深海。长期以来，人们一直认为，在深海寒冷黑暗的环境中(定义为200米以下)，进化进展缓慢。然而，与这种观点相矛盾的是，许多深海生物的物种和身体形态都令人惊讶地多样化。通过将浅水和深水鱼类谱系的家族史与鱼类标本的3-D扫描相结合，这位研究员将了解相对于浅水近亲的进化速度，深海生物进化得有多快。这个项目有可能改变我们对世界海洋生物多样性形成的理解。该项目将整合不同的数据类型，包括时间校准的分子系统学、过去海洋条件的古海洋学替代数据，以及对保存下来的鱼类标本的三维扫描。第一个目标是重建所有鳍鱼的大型系统发育中的祖先深度和栖息地类型。这将使研究员能够确定所有已知的深海过渡的数量和时间，以及有利于这种过渡的可能条件，如生活习惯或海洋条件。在对鱼类进行广泛分析的同时，还将在三个不同年龄的重点小组内进行详细调查，这些小组既有浅层成员，也有深层成员(蜥蜴鱼、鳗鱼和蜗牛鱼)。该研究员将收集3-D微型计算机断层扫描，以分析深海过渡后体型演变的速度和方向。为了实现这一目标，将以前所未有的分类样本构建新的鳗形目鱼类的系统发育。该项目将主要利用华盛顿大学伯克博物馆的标本和组织，以及星期五港实验室的扫描技术。该研究员将接受使用现代技术和方法在系统发育框架内研究形态进化的培训。此外，3D扫描将公开提供，并将用于K-12、本科生和公共外展教育材料。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。