Collaborative Research: Toward a 1% measurement of the Hubble Constant with gravitational time delays

协作％20研究：％20走向％20a％201％％20测量％20的％20的％20哈勃％20恒定％20和％20引力％20时间％20延迟

• 批准号: 1907396
• 负责人: Christopher Fassnacht
• 金额: $ 23.1万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1907396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Toward; measurement; Hubble

In recent years, high precision measurements have allowed astronomers to realize that the current expansion velocity of the Universe does not agree with the velocity predicted, on the basis of the standard cosmological model, by observing phenomena that have taken place in the first few hundred thousand years of the Universe. If the conflict between the prediction and the measurements is confirmed beyond any reasonable doubt, then the standard cosmological model would be incorrect, which would therefore lead to the discovery of new physical phenomena and thus to a true revolution in the way we understand the natural world. In order to achieve the most precise measurement of the current expansion velocity of the Universe independently of any other method, this project will use a technique called "gravitational time delays," which the collaborating teams have developed over the past twenty years. The measurement will determine whether the conflict is real and whether new physics is required. The broader impact of the program will be achieved through a comprehensive educational/public outreach component, aimed at communicating both the content of the research and the importance and significance of the scientific method. The program includes teaching the foundations of scientific research at the high-school, undergraduate, and graduate levels, as well as mentoring of undergraduate students in the context of the NSF-funded CALBRIDGE program. The 8% discrepancy between cosmic microwave background measurements and the local determination of the expansion rate of the Universe H0 hints that the standard cosmological model might not be entirely accurate. If confirmed, this discrepancy could lead to the discovery of new physics such as dark energy that is not the cosmological constant, or additional families of relativistic species. Our ambitious plan based on gravitational time delays aims to achieve the most precise absolute distance measurement to date, independent of the local distant ladder. A three-step program will be carried out. First, time delays will be used to measure absolute cosmic distances and thus cosmological parameters. With state-of-the art techniques developed by the PIs' teams, it has been shown that just four lenses are sufficient to measure H0 with 3% precision. Second, the teams will carry out follow-up (including high resolution imaging, deep spectroscopy and monitoring with dedicated telescope access) and modeling of lenses that they have recently discovered to further improve the precision. Third, the program will lay the foundations for time delay cosmology in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope era by developing tools and carrying out simulations and data challenges with the ultimate goal of reaching sub-percent precision and accuracy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

近年来，高精度测量使天文学家通过观察宇宙最初几十万年中发生的现象，认识到宇宙当前的膨胀速度与基于标准宇宙学模型预测的速度并不相符。如果预测和测量之间的冲突得到毫无合理怀疑的证实，那么标准宇宙学模型将是不正确的，这将导致新物理现象的发现，从而导致我们理解自然世界的方式发生真正的革命。为了独立于任何其他方法实现对宇宙当前膨胀速度的最精确测量，该项目将使用一种称为“引力时间延迟”的技术，该技术是合作团队在过去二十年中开发的。测量将确定冲突是否真实以及是否需要新的物理学。该计划将通过全面的教育/公共宣传部分实现更广泛的影响，旨在传达研究内容以及科学方法的重要性和意义。该计划包括在高中、本科生和研究生阶段教授科学研究基础知识，以及在 NSF 资助的 CALBRIDGE 计划的背景下对本科生进行指导。宇宙微波背景测量与宇宙 H0 膨胀率的局部测定之间存在 8% 的差异，这表明标准宇宙学模型可能并不完全准确。如果得到证实，这种差异可能会导致新物理学的发现，例如不是宇宙学常数的暗能量，或其他相对论物种家族。我们基于重力时间延迟的雄心勃勃的计划旨在实现迄今为止最精确的绝对距离测量，独立于当地的远距离阶梯。将实施一个三步计划。首先，时间延迟将用于测量绝对宇宙距离，从而测量宇宙学参数。利用 PI 团队开发的最先进技术，事实证明只需四个镜头就足以以 3% 的精度测量 H0。其次，团队将对他们最近发现的镜头进行后续（包括高分辨率成像、深度光谱和专用望远镜监测）和建模，以进一步提高精度。第三，该计划将通过开发工具、进行模拟和数据挑战，最终达到低于百分之一的精度和准确度，为大型综合巡天望远镜时代的时滞宇宙学奠定基础。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

TDCOSMO: XII. Improved Hubble constant measurement from lensing time delays using spatially resolved stellar kinematics of the lens galaxy

TDCOSMO：十二。

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202345878
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Shajib, Anowar J.;Mozumdar, Pritom;Chen, Geoff C.-F.;Treu, Tommaso;Cappellari, Michele;Knabel, Shawn;Suyu, Sherry H.;Bennert, Vardha N.;Frieman, Joshua A.;Sluse, Dominique
• 通讯作者: Sluse, Dominique

Testing the evolution of correlations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies using eight strongly lensed quasars

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa2992
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Xuheng Ding;T. Treu;S. Birrer;A. Agnello;D. Sluse;C. Fassnacht;M. Auger;Kenneth C. Wong;S. Suyu;T. Morishita;C. Rusu;A. Galan

COSMOGRAIL: XVIII. time delays of the quadruply lensed quasar WFI2033−4723

Cosmograil：十八。

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201935921
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Bonvin, V.;Millon, M.;Chan, J. H.-H.;Courbin, F.;Rusu, C. E.;Sluse, D.;Suyu, S. H.;Wong, K. C.;Fassnacht, C. D.;Marshall, P. J.
• 通讯作者: Marshall, P. J.

TDCOSMO: II. Six new time delays in lensed quasars from high-cadence monitoring at the MPIA 2.2 m telescope

TDCOSMO：二。

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038698
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Millon, M.;Courbin, F.;Bonvin, V.;Buckley-Geer, E.;Fassnacht, C. D.;Frieman, J.;Marshall, P. J.;Suyu, S. H.;Treu, T.;Anguita, T.
• 通讯作者: Anguita, T.

TDCOSMO: XIV. Practical techniques for estimating external convergence of strong gravitational lens systems and applications to the SDSS J0924+0219 system

TDCOSMO：十四。

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202346093
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Wells, Patrick;Fassnacht, Christopher D.;Rusu, C. E.
• 通讯作者: Rusu, C. E.