Collaborative Research: First Science with the Michigan Young STar Imager at CHARA (MYSTIC)

合作研究：与 CHARA (MYSTIC) 的密歇根年轻恒星成像仪进行的首次科学研究

• 批准号: 1909339
• 负责人: Fabien Baron
• 金额: $ 3.22万
• 依托单位: Georgia State University Research Foundation, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1909339&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; First; Science; Michigan

The number of exoplanets--planets around stars other than the Sun--has grown into the thousands in the past decade. The vast majority of the known exoplanets have been found closer to their star than the Earth is to our Sun. At the distances of stars, this is too small a spacing to be easily resolved. The investigators plan to use a new technique (infrared interferometry) and a new instrument (MYSTIC), to study how Earth-like planets form and develop. Preliminary studies of planets suggest a gap in planet size distribution between 1.5 and 2 times the radius of the Earth, and the investigators will seek to confirm or disprove that result. Graduate students and undergraduate students will be involved in the research. The investigators will also team with the Ann Arbor Hands-On Museum to 1) create mobile versions of museum displays that will travel the state of Michigan and 2) create a hands-on exhibit and booth to travel to NASCAR events in Michigan in order to provide science outreach to an audience that might not currently be seeking STEM experiences.The region inside 1 au around young stars is physically small on an astronomical scale. However, the physics in this region has an out-sized impact: this is where mass accretion onto the star is regulated, the initial conditions for terrestrial planet formation are set, and the migration of giant planets moving through the young gas-rich disk are controlled, Exoplanet demographics of the inner au now reveal a gap in the planet size distribution and also suggest the budget of solids available may not be enough to explain the known Kepler planets, at least using current disk models. To directly address the intimate connections between planet-formation theory and exoplanet demographics, spatially-resolved imaging of the inner au of young stars is needed. This can only be reached through infrared interferometry. Using the Georgia State University CHARA Array (the longest-baseline optical/infrared interferometer in the world) the investigators will image young stars with milliarcsecond angular resolution at wavelengths from 1.1-2.5 microns for the first time.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的十年里，系外行星（围绕太阳以外的恒星运行的行星）的数量已经增加到数千颗。绝大多数已知的系外行星都是在离恒星比地球离太阳更近的地方被发现的。在恒星之间的距离上，这个间隔太小，不容易解决。研究人员计划使用一种新技术（红外干涉测量法）和一种新仪器（MYSTIC）来研究类地行星是如何形成和发展的。对行星的初步研究表明，行星的大小分布在地球半径的1.5到2倍之间，研究人员将寻求证实或反驳这一结果。研究生和本科生将参与研究。调查人员还将与安娜堡动手博物馆合作，1)创建移动版本的博物馆展示，将在密歇根州巡回展出；2)创建一个动手展览和展位，前往密歇根州的纳斯卡赛事，以便为目前可能不寻求STEM体验的观众提供科学宣传。在天文尺度上，年轻恒星周围1天文单位内的区域在物理上很小。然而,物理在这个地区有一个特别大的影响:这就是质量吸积到恒星监管,设置类地行星形成的初始条件,并通过年轻的巨行星移动的迁移磁盘控制天然气,系外行星人口内部的非盟现在地球大小分布揭示了缺口,还建议可用固体的预算可能不足以解释已知的开普勒行星,至少使用当前磁盘模式。为了直接解决行星形成理论和系外行星人口统计学之间的密切联系，需要对年轻恒星的内部进行空间分辨率成像。这只能通过红外干涉测量来实现。利用佐治亚州立大学CHARA阵列（世界上最长的基线光学/红外干涉仪），研究人员将首次以毫角秒角分辨率在1.1-2.5微米波长范围内拍摄年轻恒星。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Imaging the Inner Astronomical Unit of the Herbig Be Star HD 190073

Herbig Be Star HD 190073 内部天文单位成像

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acb4ea
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Ibrahim, Nour;Monnier, John D.;Kraus, Stefan;Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste;Anugu, Narsireddy;Baron, Fabien;Brummelaar, Theo Ten;Davies, Claire L.;Ennis, Jacob;Gardner, Tyler
• 通讯作者: Gardner, Tyler