Collaborative Research: Using Brown Dwarfs to Understand Exoplanetary Atmospheres: Spectral Inversions of an Analog Population

合作研究：利用棕矮星了解系外行星大气：模拟总体的光谱反演

• 批准号: 1909776
• 负责人: Jacqueline Faherty
• 金额: $ 40.59万
• 依托单位: American Museum Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1909776&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Using; Brown; Dwarfs

Astronomers are beginning to directly image exoplanets and obtain spectroscopic data. One of the chief barriers in interpreting the data is a complete understanding of condensate clouds. Typically, the data from exoplanet atmospheres are not good enough (and the sample size is too small) for direct determination of cloud properties. The standard technique involves 'forward-modeling' of planetary atmospheres from first principles using a grid technique. This work will use isolated, young brown dwarfs as analogs for massive exoplanet atmospheres. The team will use spectral inversion techniques on data from this population to make direct interpretations of brown dwarf atmospheres. These brown dwarfs typically have properties very similar to imaged exoplanets: temperature, luminosity, age, color, spectral features. However, they lack an obscuring parent star. This makes the spectra greatly easier to collect and allows for a much larger sample size.The team will examine a set of 26 young (5-130 Myr) isolated brown dwarfs from the same stellar associations in which large exoplanets have been discovered and imaged. They will use the BREWSTER code, developed by one of the team collaborators, to conduct spectral inversions. These inversions, along with empirical spectral energy fits and forwarding modeling using the BT SETTL code, will be used to (1) derive and compare fundamental parameters, (2) assess the dependence of cloud dynamics on environment, color and spectral features of the source object, and (3) examine compositional variations among directly-imaged exoplanets and exoplanet analogs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

天文学家开始直接成像系外行星并获得光谱数据。解释数据的主要障碍之一是对冷凝水云的完全理解。通常，来自系外行星大气的数据不够好（样本量太小），无法直接确定云特性。标准技术涉及使用网格技术从第一原理的行星气氛“前向模型”。这项工作将使用孤立的年轻棕色矮人作为大规模系外行星大气的类似物。该团队将对来自该人群的数据使用光谱反演技术，以直接解释棕色矮人的气氛。这些棕色矮人通常具有与成像系外行星非常相似的特性：温度，光度，年龄，颜色，光谱特征。但是，他们缺乏晦涩的父母。这使得光谱更容易收集，并允许更大的样本量。该团队将检查一组26年（5-130 Myr）隔离的棕色矮人，从同一恒星关联中发现并进行了大型系外行星。他们将使用由团队合作者之一开发的Brewster代码进行频谱倒置。 These inversions, along with empirical spectral energy fits and forwarding modeling using the BT SETTL code, will be used to (1) derive and compare fundamental parameters, (2) assess the dependence of cloud dynamics on environment, color and spectral features of the source object, and (3) examine compositional variations among directly-imaged exoplanets and exoplanet analogs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been认为值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的评论标准来评估值得支持。

项目成果

A Comparative L-dwarf Sample Exploring the Interplay between Atmospheric Assumptions and Data Properties

比较 L 矮星样本，探索大气假设和数据特性之间的相互作用

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8f2a
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Gonzales, Eileen C.;Burningham, Ben;Faherty, Jacqueline K.;Lewis, Nikole K.;Visscher, Channon;Marley, Mark
• 通讯作者: Marley, Mark

Patchy Forsterite Clouds in the Atmospheres of Two Highly Variable Exoplanet Analogs

两个高度变化的系外行星类似物大气中的片状镁橄榄石云

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acab58
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Vos, Johanna M.;Burningham, Ben;Faherty, Jacqueline K.;Alejandro, Sherelyn;Gonzales, Eileen;Calamari, Emily;Gagliuffi, Daniella Bardalez;Visscher, Channon;Tan, Xianyu;Morley, Caroline V.
• 通讯作者: Morley, Caroline V.

Retrieval of the d/sdL7+T7.5p Binary SDSS J1416+1348AB

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abbee2
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Eileen C. Gonzales;B. Burningham;J. Faherty;Colleen M. Cleary;C. Visscher;M. Marley;R. Lupu;R. Fr

Cloud busting: enstatite and quartz clouds in the atmosphere of 2M2224-0158

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab1361
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: B. Burningham;J. Faherty;Eileen C. Gonzales;M. Marley;C. Visscher;R. Lupu;Josefine Gaarn

An Atmospheric Retrieval of the Brown Dwarf Gliese 229B

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac9cc9
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Emily Calamari;J. Faherty;B. Burningham;Eileen C. Gonzales;Daniella C. Bardalez-Gagliuffi;J. Vos;M. Gemma;Niall Whiteford;Josefine Gaarn