Collaborative Research: Starless Dark Matter Halos as a Definitive Test of Dark Matter Models

合作研究：无星暗物质晕作为暗物质模型的最终测试

• 批准号: 1910965
• 负责人: James Bullock
• 金额: $ 37.72万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1910965&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Starless; Dark; Matter

Over the last 40 years, a large number of astronomical observations have provided overwhelming evidence that approximately 80% of the mass-density in the universe is in the form of dark matter. The leading theory for dark matter posits that it is made up of as-of-yet undiscovered elementary particles of nature, particles that are significantly more massive than the proton and have very weak interactions with normal matter of the type that makes up the earth and the sun and appears on the periodic table of elements. Importantly, the leading theory - known as Cold Dark Matter - makes concrete predictions for the way dark matter should be clustered and clumped in the space between visible galaxies. Gravitational lensing is a technique that can potentially detect these clumps. If they are detected and quantified as predicted it would provide the most compelling evidence yet that the Cold Dark Matter exists. If not, then this would be a major discovery that calls into question the leading theory of dark matter. This project aims to make unprecedentedly accurate predictions of the clustering and clumping of Cold Dark Matter structures and to interpret ongoing efforts to utilize gravitational lensing as a test of dark matter models. The proposal will also facilitate student training in high-performance computing, data analysis, and quantitative reasoning, all of which are vital to future economic vitality of the nation. The PIs will also devote considerable effort towards high school teacher development, URM outreach programs, and public science talks. This proposal uses cosmological simulations with an unparalleled combination of volume and resolution to rigorously quantify properties of low-mass (M 107 Msun) dark matter halos. In the standard LCDM cosmological model these halos are predicted to be starless and nearly baryon-free. Gravitational detection of such dark matter structures would be revolutionary, as it would immediately and definitively exclude all models that explain observed mass discrepancies through modifications of Newtonian (or Einsteinian) gravity. It would also rule out all models of dark matter with truncated power spectra at this scale (e.g., the most popular Warm Dark Matter models). The proposed work will provide predictions necessary to take full advantage of upcoming gravitational lensing studies aimed at constraining the number and properties of starless halos. The predictions rely on high resolution, large cosmological volumes, and the inclusion of baryonic physics to properly account for subhalo disruption, baryonic mass loss at reionzation, and other dynamical feedback on the small halos under study.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的40年里，大量的天文观测提供了压倒性的证据，证明宇宙中大约80%的质量密度是暗物质的形式。 关于暗物质的主流理论认为，它是由尚未发现的自然界基本粒子组成的，这些粒子的质量比质子大得多，与构成地球和太阳的正常物质的相互作用非常弱，并出现在元素周期表上。 重要的是，领先的理论-被称为冷暗物质-对暗物质在可见星系之间的空间中聚集和聚集的方式做出了具体的预测。 引力透镜是一种有可能探测到这些团块的技术。 如果它们如预测的那样被探测到并被量化，它将提供迄今为止最令人信服的证据，证明冷暗物质的存在。 如果没有，那么这将是一个重大发现，对暗物质的主导理论提出质疑。 该项目旨在对冷暗物质结构的聚类和聚集做出前所未有的准确预测，并解释正在进行的利用引力透镜作为暗物质模型测试的努力。该提案还将促进学生在高性能计算，数据分析和定量推理方面的培训，所有这些都对国家未来的经济活力至关重要。 PI还将在高中教师发展、URM外展计划和公共科学讲座方面投入相当大的努力。该提议使用宇宙学模拟，结合了无与伦比的体积和分辨率，严格量化了低质量（M 107 Msun）暗物质晕的性质。 在标准的LCDM宇宙学模型中，这些晕被预测为无星和几乎无重子。对这种暗物质结构的引力探测将是革命性的，因为它将立即并明确地排除所有通过修改牛顿（或爱因斯坦）引力来解释观测到的质量差异的模型。它还将排除所有在这个尺度上具有截断功率谱的暗物质模型（例如，最受欢迎的暖暗物质模型）。 这项拟议中的工作将提供必要的预测，以充分利用即将到来的引力透镜研究，旨在限制无星晕的数量和性质。预测依赖于高分辨率，大宇宙学体积，并纳入重子物理学，以正确地解释subhalo中断，重子质量损失在重电离，和其他动力学反馈的小halosunstudy.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得的支持，通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Out of sight, out of mind? The impact of correlated clustering in substructure lensing

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab448
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Alexandres Lazar;J. Bullock;M. Boylan-Kolchin;R. Feldmann;Onur Çatmabacak;L. Moustakas

A relationship between stellar metallicity gradients and galaxy age in dwarf galaxies

矮星系中恒星金属丰度梯度与星系年龄之间的关系

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa3958
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Mercado, Francisco J;Bullock, James S;Boylan-Kolchin, Michael;Moreno, Jorge;Wetzel, Andrew;El-Badry, Kareem;Graus, Andrew S;Fitts, Alex;Hopkins, Philip F;Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
• 通讯作者: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André

Stars made in outflows may populate the stellar halo of the Milky Way

外流产生的恒星可能会填充银河系的恒星晕

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa522
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Yu, Sijie;Bullock, James S;Wetzel, Andrew;Sanderson, Robyn E;Graus, Andrew S;Boylan-Kolchin, Michael;Nierenberg, Anna M;Grudić, Michael Y;Hopkins, Philip F;Kereš, Dušan
• 通讯作者: Kereš, Dušan

A dark matter profile to model diverse feedback-induced core sizes of ΛCDM haloes

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa2101
• 发表时间: 2020-09-01
• 期刊: MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Lazar, Alexandres;Bullock, James S.;Garrison-Kimmel, Shea
• 通讯作者: Garrison-Kimmel, Shea

Comparing implementations of self-interacting dark matter in the gizmo and arepo codes

比较 Gizmo 和 Arepo 代码中自相互作用暗物质的实现

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac1056
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Meskhidze, Helen;Mercado, Francisco J.;Sameie, Omid;Robles, Victor H.;Bullock, James S.;Kaplinghat, Manoj;Weatherall, James O.
• 通讯作者: Weatherall, James O.