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Using Velocity Fields to Improve Gravitational Lensing Mass Measurements of Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters

使用速度场改进星系和星系团的引力透镜质量测量

基本信息

批准号：
1911138
负责人：
David Wittman
金额：
$ 21.24万
依托单位：
University of California-Davis
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1911138&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Using Velocity Fields Improve Gravitational

项目摘要

The mass content of galaxies and clusters of galaxies is difficult to measure if the matter is not emitting light. One way of measuring this mass is by looking at distortions in the shapes of more distant galaxies as their light is deflected by the gravitational influence of the mass in the galaxy or cluster of interest. This project will test to see if looking for distortions in the velocities of the stars in the distant galaxies can help improve these measurements. The project will use simulations to see what improvements can be made using the new technique.Current weak lensing surveys require large numbers of lensed galaxies to be averaged in order to beat down the noise in measurements of lensing mass. This project will look at the benefits of including measurements of the velocity field of the lensed galaxies. This should reduce the number of galaxies needed to obtain the same signal-to-noise, and therefore increase the angular resolution of the mass distributions that can be measured using weak lensing. The project will use cosmological simulations to assess the efficacy of this technique and identify ways to maximize the return on observational investment in weak lensing surveys.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

如果物质不发光，星系和星系团的质量含量就很难测量。测量这种质量的一种方法是通过观察更遥远星系的形状扭曲，因为它们的光线被感兴趣的星系或星系团中质量的引力影响所偏转。该项目将测试，看看在遥远的星系中寻找恒星速度的扭曲是否有助于改善这些测量。该项目将使用模拟来看看使用新技术可以做出哪些改进。目前的弱透镜调查需要对大量的透镜星系进行平均，以消除测量透镜质量时的噪音。这个项目将着眼于包括透镜星系的速度场测量的好处。这将减少获得相同信噪比所需的星系数量，从而增加可以使用弱透镜测量的质量分布的角分辨率。该项目将使用宇宙学模拟来评估这种技术的有效性，并确定如何最大限度地提高弱透镜调查的观测投资回报。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。