Habitat and coinfection as drivers of heterogeneity in cross-scale wildlife infectious disease processes

栖息地和共感染是跨尺度野生动物传染病过程中异质性的驱动因素

• 批准号: 1911925
• 负责人: Kristian Forbes
• 金额: $ 247.74万
• 依托单位: University of Arkansas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1911925&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Habitat; coinfection; drivers; heterogeneity; cross

In order to predict and control the spread of infectious diseases, it is important to understand the role of "superspreaders". These are hosts who transmit disease more often than most other infected individuals. To understand superspreaders this project will investigate how immunity to infections, host diet, and whether or not the host is infected with other parasites creates variation among individuals in susceptibility to pathogens and the ability to transmit infections. To do so, this project will develop mathematical frameworks of virus spread, to predict how food resources and infection with a parasite will first shape the risk that an individual will become infected, and then, will shape the spread of disease across populations and landscapes. These predictions will be tested using laboratory and field experiments with bank voles infected with Puumala hantavirus. The results of this project will shed new light on why some individuals become superspreaders and others do not. This has relevance to improving surveillance and management of this hantavirus, which regularly spills over from its vole reservoir host to infect humans, as well to other pathogens of concern to human and agricultural health. The project will also support the training of high school science teachers from across the United States, providing them with a hands-on research experience in Finland. This will equip them with activities and materials to use to teach high school students about the importance of emerging infectious diseases.This research will examine the individual and synergistic effects of habitat quality and helminth coinfection on wild bank voles infected with the zoonotic pathogen, Puumala hantavirus. The project will develop novel mathematical theory to mechanistically link diet and coinfection with pathogen transmission to predict how bottom-up (diet-driven) and top-down (coinfection-driven) processes interact to drive the emergence of superspreaders, and how this individual-level variation scales up to influence pathogen transmission at the population- and landscape-level. These predictions will be tested using both laboratory vole infection experiments and powerful manipulative experiments involving supplemental feeding and de-worming treatments of wild vole populations in forests. By concurrently developing mathematical models and integrating them with empirical data, this project will quantify how habitat and coinfection influence (1) individual host competence for microparasite infection, (2) demographic and contact processes governing local transmission and (3) dispersal rates and landscape attributes that determine spatial spread of disease.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

为了预测和控制传染病的传播，了解“超级传播者”的作用非常重要。这些宿主比大多数其他感染者更经常传播疾病。为了了解超级传播者，该项目将研究对感染的免疫力，宿主饮食以及宿主是否感染其他寄生虫如何在个体对病原体的易感性和传播感染的能力方面产生差异。为此，该项目将开发病毒传播的数学框架，以预测食物资源和寄生虫感染将如何首先塑造个人感染的风险，然后塑造疾病在人群和景观中的传播。这些预测将使用实验室和现场实验与银行田鼠感染普马拉汉坦病毒进行测试。这个项目的结果将揭示为什么有些人成为超级传播者，而另一些人却没有。这与改进对这种汉他病毒的监测和管理有关，这种病毒经常从其田鼠宿主中溢出感染人类，也与其他对人类和农业健康有影响的病原体有关。该项目还将支持来自美国各地的高中科学教师的培训，为他们提供在芬兰的实践研究经验。这将为他们提供活动和材料，用于教导高中生关于新出现的传染病的重要性。这项研究将研究栖息地质量和蠕虫共感染对感染人畜共患病原体Puumala汉坦病毒的野生银行田鼠的个体和协同效应。该项目将开发新的数学理论，将饮食和合并感染与病原体传播机械地联系起来，以预测自下而上（饮食驱动）和自上而下（合并感染驱动）的过程如何相互作用，以推动超级传播者的出现，以及这种个体水平的变化如何扩大到影响病原体在人群和动物水平的传播。这些预测将使用实验室田鼠感染实验和强大的操纵实验，包括补充喂养和驱虫治疗森林中的野生田鼠种群进行测试。通过同时开发数学模型并将其与经验数据相结合，本项目将量化栖息地和共感染如何影响（1）个体宿主对微寄生虫感染的能力，（2）控制当地传播的人口统计学和接触过程;（3）该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得支持的，使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。

项目成果

Reactivation of latent infections with migration shapes population-level disease dynamics

• DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1829
• 发表时间: 2020-09-30
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
• 影响因子: 4.7
• 作者: Becker, Daniel J.;Ketterson, Ellen D.;Hall, Richard J.
• 通讯作者: Hall, Richard J.

Towards a coordinated strategy for intercepting human disease emergence in Africa

制定拦截非洲人类疾病出现的协调战略

• DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(20)30220-2
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Lancet Microbe
• 作者: Forbes, Kristian M;Anzala, Omu;Carlson, Colin J;Kelvin, Alyson A;Kuppalli, Krutika;Leroy, Eric M;Maganga, Gael D;Masika, Moses M;Mombo, Illich M;Mwaengo, Dufton M
• 通讯作者: Mwaengo, Dufton M

Landscape-level toxicant exposure mediates infection impacts on wildlife populations

景观水平毒物暴露介导对野生动物种群的感染影响

• DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0559
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Biology Letters
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Sánchez, Cecilia A.;Altizer, Sonia;Hall, Richard J.
• 通讯作者: Hall, Richard J.

Seroevidence of Zoonotic Viruses in Rodents and Humans in Kibera Informal Settlement, Nairobi, Kenya

肯尼亚内罗毕基贝拉非正式定居点啮齿动物和人类中人畜共患病毒的血清证据

• DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2021.0046
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Ogola, Joseph Ganda;Alburkat, Hussein;Masika, Moses;Korhonen, Essi;Uusitalo, Ruut;Nyaga, Philip;Anzala, Omu;Vapalahti, Olli;Sironen, Tarja;Forbes, Kristian M.
• 通讯作者: Forbes, Kristian M.

Habitat Specialization by Wildlife Reduces Pathogen Spread in Urbanizing Landscapes

野生动物的栖息地专业化减少了城市化景观中的病原体传播

• DOI: 10.1086/717655
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The American Naturalist
• 作者: Teitelbaum, Claire S.;Altizer, Sonia;Hall, Richard J.
• 通讯作者: Hall, Richard J.