SaTC: CORE: Small: Transforming Non-Malleable Cryptography

SaTC：核心：小型：改变不可延展的密码学

• 批准号: 1916939
• 负责人: Vipul Goyal
• 金额: $ 49.95万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1916939&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; CORE; Small; Transforming; Non

This project aims to enhance our understanding of tampering attacks which are one of the most basic ones in cryptography and computer security. A tampering adversary may try to modify data at rest or in transit, which could be devastating to the security of a number of computer systems. The goal of non-malleable cryptography is to develop the tools and techniques required to secure computer systems against such attacks. The project's novelties are in conceptualizing a number of new primitives which can help fight against such attacks in emerging computer systems. The project's impacts are in providing an intellectual toolkit to deal with these type of attacks, and in training the next generation of experts in computer security and cryptography.The scope for non-malleable cryptography is quite broad: it ranges from designing protocols secure against man-in-the-middle (MIM) attacks, ensuring guarantees against a tampering attack for data at rest, and the (relatively newer) area of information theoretic non-malleable cryptography. The fundamental nature of these questions can be seen by the connections they have to a number of subareas in cryptography (e.g., secure multi-party computation, and, concurrent secure computation), and even beyond to general theoretical computer science (including to randomness extraction, hardness amplification and coding theory). This project develops new techniques to radically transform the state of art in all of these directions. The research explores novel notions such as non-malleable secret sharing, and, correlated source extractors. The project also tackles long standing open problems in the area of non-malleable commitments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个项目旨在提高我们对篡改攻击的理解，这是密码学和计算机安全中最基本的攻击之一。篡改对手可能试图修改静态或传输中的数据，这可能对许多计算机系统的安全性造成破坏。不可延展密码学的目标是开发保护计算机系统免受此类攻击所需的工具和技术。该项目的新颖之处在于概念化了一些新的原语，这些原语可以帮助新兴计算机系统对抗此类攻击。该项目的影响是提供一个知识工具包来处理这些类型的攻击，并培训下一代计算机安全和密码学专家。非可塑性密码学的范围相当广泛：其范围包括设计防止中间人（MIM）攻击的安全协议，确保对静态数据的篡改攻击的保证，以及信息理论不可延展密码学的（相对较新的）领域。这些问题的基本性质可以通过它们与密码学中许多子领域的联系来看出（例如，安全多方计算、并发安全计算），甚至超越一般的理论计算机科学（包括随机性提取、硬度放大和编码理论）。该项目开发了新技术，从根本上改变了所有这些方向的艺术状态。该研究探索了新的概念，如不可延展的秘密共享，和相关的源提取器。该项目还解决了长期悬而未决的问题，在该地区的非延展性的承诺。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。