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Acquisition of a Powder X-ray Diffractometer to Enhance Multi-Departmental Materials Research and Training at Southeast Missouri State University

东南密苏里州立大学购买粉末 X 射线衍射仪以加强多部门材料研究和培训

基本信息

批准号：
1919985
负责人：
Sarah Shaner
金额：
$ 22.84万
依托单位：
Southeast Missouri State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1919985&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Acquisition Powder ray Diffractometer Enhance

项目摘要

This Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program grant supports the acquisition of a powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD) at Southeast Missouri State University, a primarily undergraduate university with a rural service region. The instrument will be housed and maintained in the Department of Chemistry and Physics while serving a broad community of users across a range of disciplines. PXRD allows researchers to analyze the structure of unknown materials and perform materials characterization in such fields as chemistry, metallurgy, mineralogy, forensic science, archeology, physics, and biological and pharmaceutical sciences. Combined with the existing single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) facility, which is in heavy use for research and undergraduate training, the PXRD will increase research productivity and student training opportunities in chemistry and physics. It will also engage non-traditional users in agriculture, geosciences, historic preservation, and anthropology. The equipment will be used for research training in both faculty-mentored and course-based undergraduate research, the latter being an equitable and inclusive gateway to broader STEM participation. Incorporating PXRD techniques commonly used in industry and academic research will prepare students for careers and graduate school. PXRD will also be used in STEM courses for K-12 teachers and education majors, providing them with research experience they can share with their students. PXRD is a leading technique for the rapid, non-destructive analysis of the chemical and internal structural identity of a sample and complements the SCXRD capabilities available at the institution. While SCXRD requires a tiny, homogeneously pure single crystal and several hours for data collection and analysis, PXRD uses a bulk, multicrystalline sample that may not be homogenously pure, and a scan can be completed in minutes with pattern matching against a standard library to provide rapid identification. The properties of molecules and materials are exquisitely dependent upon the structural arrangements of the atoms that make up these systems. These structural arrangements are readily studied using XRD techniques. In synthetic applications, PXRD provides evidence that the bulk sample is homogeneously pure and allows a researcher to proceed confidently with other characterization such as SCXRD, magnetic or electrical measurements, thermal analysis, catalysis, or spectroscopy. The technique is also suitable for studying the structure of non-crystalline materials such as thin films and amorphous solids. Additionally, PXRD provides a means of rapid identification of the chemical identity of heterogeneous or mixed samples from the field, such as soil composition for agriculture, mineral composition for geosciences, or building material composition for historic preservation. Existing projects supported by the PXRD include 1) the preparation and development of novel magnetic materials, such as multifunctional, magnetocaloric, and hard magnetic materials, 2) the activity and stability of heterogeneous oxygen evolution electrocatalysts operating in low pH conditions or in the presence of a magnetic field, and 3) the synthesis and structural characterization of hybrid organic/metal halide compounds that exhibit thermochromism, polymorphism, and interesting magnetic properties. The PXRD and SCXRD facilities together will promote structural science in an underserved region and enable mutually beneficial collaborations with neighboring universities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项主要研究仪器(MRI)计划拨款支持在东南密苏里州立大学购买粉末X射线衍射仪(PXRD)，这是一所以本科为主的大学，有农村服务区。该仪器将设在化学和物理系内并进行维护，同时为一系列学科的广大用户提供服务。PXRD允许研究人员分析未知材料的结构，并在化学、冶金、矿物学、法医科学、考古学、物理学以及生物和制药科学等领域进行材料表征。与现有的用于研究和本科培训的单晶X射线衍射仪设备相结合，单晶X射线衍射仪将增加化学和物理方面的研究生产力和学生培训机会。它还将在农业、地球科学、历史保护和人类学领域吸引非传统用户。这些设备将用于教师指导的研究培训和以课程为基础的本科研究，后者是更广泛参与STEM的公平和包容的门户。结合工业和学术研究中常用的PXRD技术，将为学生进入职业和研究生院做好准备。PXRD还将用于K-12教师和教育专业的STEM课程，为他们提供可以与学生分享的研究经验。X射线衍射仪是对样品的化学和内部结构特征进行快速、无损分析的领先技术，是对该机构现有的X射线衍射仪的补充。SCXRD需要一个微小的、均匀纯净的单晶，并需要几个小时的数据收集和分析，而PXRD使用的是可能不是均匀纯净的大宗多晶样品，通过与标准库的模式匹配，扫描可以在几分钟内完成，以提供快速鉴定。分子和材料的性质在很大程度上取决于组成这些体系的原子的结构排列。这些结构排列很容易用X射线衍射法研究。在合成应用中，PXRD提供了大块样品是均匀纯净的证据，并允许研究人员自信地继续进行其他表征，如SCXRD、磁测量或电测量、热分析、催化或光谱分析。该技术还适用于研究薄膜和非晶态固体等非晶态材料的结构。此外，PXRD还提供了一种快速鉴定野外异质或混合样品的化学特性的方法，例如用于农业的土壤成分、用于地球科学的矿物成分或用于历史保护的建筑材料成分。PXRD支持的现有项目包括：1)新型磁性材料的制备和开发，如多功能、磁热和硬磁材料；2)在低pH条件下或在磁场存在下运行的非均相析氧电催化剂的活性和稳定性；3)表现出热色性、多晶性和有趣的磁性的有机/金属卤化物杂化化合物的合成和结构表征。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的学术价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。