Doctoral Dissertation Research: On Terror and Trauma: Governance, Law and Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome

博士论文研究：关于恐怖和创伤：治理、法律和创伤后应激综合症

• 批准号: 1921273
• 负责人: Brinkley Messick
• 金额: $ 2.51万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1921273&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Terror; Trauma

While contestation of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder paradigm is as old as the diagnostic category itself, the debate about what PTSD is and how to compensate victims remains unsolved to this day. Existing scholarship has examined how community organizing for compensation rights by Vietnam veterans, rape survivors, and high-risk workers has influenced the recognition of PTSD as a diagnostic category. But the intertwined juridical and scientific procedures through which PTSD evidence is indeed produced have received scant attention from the social sciences. The present research explores the production, circulation, and contestation of evidence substantiating trauma and determining its financial compensation following the November 13, 2015 (11/13) terrorist attacks in France. This will allow for a reassessment of the significance of PTSD's characterization as a mental illness with a unique etiology providing grounds for legal prosecution in the constitution of distinct forms of public health policy-making and humanitarian assistance in the U.S., Europe, and the Global South. Findings from this research will address audiences across academia, government and civil organizations that aim to improve the management of emergency psychological care and the indemnification of victims of mass violence. To achieve these goals, the research explores the technologies of evidence production in two economies of 11/13-related PTSD investigation: (1) the legal determination of the parameters for PTSD compensation and (2) the forensic reporting of PTSD diagnostic criteria in 11/13 survivors and the determination of their etiology. Data are collected from participant observation and semi-structured interviews with state insurers of the Guarantee Fund for Victims of Acts of Terrorism (FGTI), neuropsychologists of the National Institute of Health and Medical Research involved in biomedical research on PTSD in 11/13 survivors, and two associations that represent 11/13 victims to the FGTI. By investigating the intersection between law and neuroscience in their treatment of PTSD claims, the project will provide insight into the entanglement of practices of evidentiary proof, protocols for testifying, and biotechnologies in the politics of life of contemporary societies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

虽然关于创伤后应激障碍范式的争论和诊断范畴本身一样古老，但关于创伤后应激障碍是什么以及如何补偿受害者的争论直到今天仍然没有解决。现有的学术研究考察了越南退伍军人、强奸幸存者和高风险工作者为争取赔偿权利而组织的社区组织如何影响将创伤后应激障碍视为诊断类别的认识。但是，交织在一起的司法和科学程序，通过这些程序确实产生了创伤后应激障碍证据，但很少受到社会科学的关注。本研究探讨了2015年11月13日(11/13)法国恐怖袭击后，证明创伤并确定其经济补偿的证据的产生、流通和争辩。这将允许重新评估将创伤后应激障碍定性为一种具有独特病因的精神疾病的重要性，这为在美国、欧洲和全球南部不同形式的公共卫生决策和人道主义援助的宪法中进行法律起诉提供了依据。这项研究的结果将面向学术界、政府和民间组织的受众，旨在改善紧急心理护理的管理和对大规模暴力受害者的赔偿。为了实现这些目标，该研究探索了与11/13相关的创伤后应激障碍调查的两个经济体的证据制作技术：(1)法律确定创伤后应激障碍赔偿参数；(2)对11/13幸存者的创伤后应激障碍诊断标准进行法医报告，并确定其病因。数据来自对恐怖主义行为受害者担保基金(FGTI)的国家保险公司、参与2013年11月幸存者创伤后应激障碍生物医学研究的国家卫生和医学研究所的神经心理学家以及代表FGTI第11/13受害者的两个协会的参与者观察和半结构化访谈。通过调查法律和神经科学在处理创伤后应激障碍索赔方面的交叉，该项目将深入了解证据证明、作证协议和生物技术在当代社会生活政治中的实践纠缠。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。