RII Track-4: Assessing the Capability of TEMPO Geostationary Satellite Observations of Formaldehyde to Constrain Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Western U.S. Wildfire Smok

RII Track-4：评估 TEMPO 对地静止卫星甲醛观测抑制美国西部野火烟雾挥发性有机化合物排放的能力

• 批准号: 1929210
• 负责人: Lu Hu
• 金额: $ 26.33万
• 依托单位: University of Montana
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-01 至 2022-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1929210&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Assessing; Capability; TEMPO

Wildfires emit toxic trace gases and particular matters into the atmosphere, substantially impacting air quality, particularly in the western U.S. The project aims to contribute to the temporal observing strategy of a planned satellite for monitoring volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from wildfires in near real-time. This project will potentially lead to better air quality forecast for many western EPSCoR states like Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada, and Utah, and thus would benefit millions of people exposed to wildfire smoke. The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) geostationary satellite is planned for launch in 2022, providing key tropospheric composition measurements, including formaldehyde (HCHO) at unprecedentedly high spatial and temporal resolution. This proposed research will explore how the planned TEMPO formaldehyde observations could constrain VOC emissions from wildfire smoke in the western U.S., and to optimize TEMPO observing strategy for episodic wildfire events. Through the collaborative visit to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), we will develop new research skills in satellite remote sensing at the University of Montana (UM) that will provide a unique strength to understand organic emissions from the land surface. Specific tasks are designed to incorporate opportunities to strengthen the collaboration with the SAO and TEMPO science team and build the capacities of satellite remote sensing research at UM: (a) generating the synthetic TEMPO HCHO column data, (b) applying a high resolution adjoint-based inversion using synthetic data over western U.S., and (c) evaluating inversion results with independent airborne and ground field data for specific fire events. The results will inform TEMPO temporal observing strategy for exceptional wildfires and provide a guide for other episodic events such as dust outbreaks. The synthetic TEMPO data and the inversion results will be evaluated by independent field campaigns primarily focused on wildfire emissions (WE-CAN, FIREX-AQ, and Mt. Bachelor Observatory). It is expected that the comparison and validation will improve our knowledge on the uncertainties of satellite retrievals, and ultimately the VOC emissions from wildfires. This research will focus on fires in the western U.S., and results will be informative for other regions in the U.S. and around the world, and also for other pollution emissions that evolve at higher temporal resolution. By engaging in the TEMPO's pre-launch research, the proposed project not only will potentially transform the PI's career trajectory for the lifespan of the satellite, but also improve the UM's long-term competitiveness in environmental and ecological research. This project will bring the next generation of earth observing system to Montana and could benefit regional science communities and air quality regulators for various applications in air pollution, wildfire, forestry, ecology, public health, and beyond.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

野火向大气中排放有毒微量气体和特殊物质，严重影响空气质量，特别是在美国西部。该项目旨在为计划中的卫星的时间观测战略做出贡献，用于近实时监测野火的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）排放。该项目可能会为许多西部EPSCoR州（如蒙大拿州、爱达荷州、怀俄明州、内华达州和犹他州）带来更好的空气质量预报，从而使数百万暴露在野火烟雾中的人受益。对流层辐射：污染监测（克里思）地球静止卫星计划于2022年发射，提供关键的对流层成分测量，包括前所未有的高空间和时间分辨率的甲醛（HCHO）。这项拟议的研究将探讨计划中的克里思甲醛观测如何限制美国西部野火烟雾的VOC排放，并优化对突发性野火事件的克里思观测策略。通过对史密森天体物理天文台（SAO）的合作访问，我们将在蒙大拿大学（UM）开发卫星遥感方面的新研究技能，这将为了解地表有机排放提供独特的优势。具体的任务旨在纳入加强与SAO和克里思科学团队合作的机会，并建立UM的卫星遥感研究能力：（a）生成合成克里思HCHO柱数据，（B）使用美国西部的合成数据进行高分辨率伴随反演，以及（c）用特定火灾事件的独立空中和地面场数据评估反演结果。研究结果将为克里思异常野火的时间观测策略提供信息，并为其他偶发事件（如沙尘暴）提供指导。合成克里思数据和反演结果将通过主要关注野火排放的独立现场活动（WE-CAN，FIREX-AQ和Mt. Bachelor Observatory）。预计比较和验证将提高我们对卫星检索的不确定性，并最终从野火挥发性有机化合物排放的知识。这项研究将集中在美国西部的火灾，结果将为美国和世界其他地区提供信息，也为其他以更高时间分辨率演变的污染排放提供信息。通过参与克里思的发射前研究，拟议的项目不仅可能改变PI在卫星寿命期间的职业轨迹，而且还将提高UM在环境和生态研究方面的长期竞争力。该项目将为蒙大拿州带来下一代地球观测系统，并可能使地区科学界和空气质量监管机构受益，用于空气污染，野火，林业，生态，公共卫生等方面的各种应用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Validation of satellite formaldehyde (HCHO) retrievals using observations from 12 aircraft campaigns

使用 12 次飞机活动的观测结果验证卫星甲醛 (HCHO) 反演

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-12329-2020
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Zhu, Lei;González Abad, Gonzalo;Nowlan, Caroline R.;Chan Miller, Christopher;Chance, Kelly;Apel, Eric C.;DiGangi, Joshua P.;Fried, Alan;Hanisco, Thomas F.;Hornbrook, Rebecca S.
• 通讯作者: Hornbrook, Rebecca S.

Atmospheric OH reactivity in the western United States determined from comprehensive gas-phase measurements during WE-CAN

美国西部大气 OH 反应性通过 WE-CAN 期间的综合气相测量确定

• DOI: 10.1039/d2ea00063f
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Environmental Science: Atmospheres
• 作者: Permar, Wade;Jin, Lixu;Peng, Qiaoyun;O'Dell, Katelyn;Lill, Emily;Selimovic, Vanessa;Yokelson, Robert J.;Hornbrook, Rebecca S.;Hills, Alan J.;Apel, Eric C.
• 通讯作者: Apel, Eric C.

Constraining emissions of volatile organic compounds from western US wildfires with WE-CAN and FIREX-AQ airborne observations

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-23-5969-2023
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Lixu Jin;W. Permar;Vanessa Selimovic;Damien Ketcherside;R. Yokelson;R. Hornbrook;E. Apel;I. Ku;Jeffrey L. Collett Jr.;A. Sullivan;D. Jaffe;J. Pierce;A. Fried;M. Coggon;G. Gkatzelis;C. Warneke;E. Fischer;Lu Hu