Amphilochius of Iconium: A preacher of fourth-century Cappadocia in the context of the history of liturgy, church and preaching

公元4世纪是教会历史上的一个关键时期，基督教从一个受迫害的边缘群体的信仰发展到罗马帝国的国教，教会教义被赋予了更大的定义。礼拜仪式也经历了根本性的变化，最明显的创新是在本世纪末节日周期(复活节、圣诞节、圣人节)的爆炸性发展。彻底改变的社会形态和节日庆祝的新文化对传教士提出了新的挑战，他们的反应最重要的是反映在蓬勃发展的新的节日布道体裁上。伊科尼姆的卡帕多西亚主教阿米菲洛奇乌斯生活和工作在这些发展的中心，尽管他的非凡作品迄今被“三大卡帕多西亚人”(凯撒利亚的罗西尔、纳齐安祖斯的格雷戈里、尼萨的格雷戈里)的神学所掩盖，他与卡帕多西亚的血缘和友谊联系在一起。因此，对他的布道的分析为历史上最有趣的动荡时期之一提供了广泛的见解，特别是关于基督教节日庆典、宗教和生活中迅速多样化和标准化之间的相互作用，以及此时教会布道的基本关切、策略和方法。该项目位于礼仪和教父之间，旨在追求以下目标：1)通过检查AmPhilochius的著作的真实性，通过检查其语言、风格和内容，使所有进一步的研究建立在更坚实的基础上；2)第一次全面记述AmPhilochius一个世纪的生平和全部著作；3)分析AmPhilochius的传教方式和修辞、礼仪内容、训诫、教会教义和教会历史，并将其放在正确的上下文中；4)使用礼仪发现建立一个更有区别的图景，说明礼仪年最重要的形成时期内节日的发展；和5)比较AmPhilochius的布道与其他人，以丰富我们在四世纪末基督教社区的生活布道的图景。彻底检查布道承诺在许多领域产生新的和重要的见解，特别是：在四世纪的节日神学和礼仪的理解和发展；在早期教会的布道中使用经文和注释；卡帕多西亚神学和教义的历史；希腊修辞方法的挪用；以及在教会改变的社会形态和与其社会环境有关的传教的主题和策略。

The fourth century AD is a key period in church history in which Christianity advanced from being the faith of a persecuted fringe group to become the state religion of the Roman empire, and ecclesiastical doctrine was laid down with ever greater definition. The liturgy also underwent fundamental changes, the most conspicuous innovation being the explosive development of festal cycles (Easter, Christmas, feasts of the saints) at the end of the century. The radically changed social form and the new culture of festal celebration presented new challenges to preachers, whose response is most importantly reflected in the flourishing new genre of festal sermons.The Cappadocian bishop Amphilochius of Iconium lived and worked in a centre of these developments, though his remarkable oeuvre has hitherto been overshadowed by the theology of the "Three Great Cappadocians" (Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa), with whom he was connected by blood and friendship. The analysis of his sermons thus promises a wide variety of insights into one of history's most interesting periods of upheaval, particularly with respect to the interplay between rapid diversification and standardization in Christian festal celebration, religion, and life, and to the underlying concerns, strategies, and methods of ecclesiastical preaching at this time.Situated at the interface between Liturgics and Patristics, the project is to pursue the following goals: 1) To put all further research on a firmer footing by checking the authenticity of the writings attributed to Amphilochius through an examination of their language, style, and content; 2) To draw up the first comprehensive account of Amphilochius's life and oeuvre for one century; 3) To analyze Amphilochius's preaching with regard to style and rhetoric, liturgical content, exegesis, ecclesiastical doctrine, and church history, and to put it in its correct context; 4) To use the liturgical findings to establish a more differentiated picture of the development of feasts within the most important formative period of the liturgical year; and 5) To compare Amphilochius's sermons with others, in order to enrich our picture of preaching in the life of Christian communities at the end of the fourth century.A thorough examination of the sermons promises to yield new and significant insights in numerous fields, notably: festal theology and the understanding and development of liturgy in the fourth century; the use of scripture and exegesis in the preaching of the early church; the history of Cappadocian theology and doctrine; the appropriation of methods of Greek rhetoric; and the subject matter and strategies of preaching within the church's altered social form and in relation to its social environment.