CAREER: Environmentally Stable Electrically Pumped Perovskite Laser

职业：环境稳定的电泵浦钙钛矿激光器

• 批准号: 1941629
• 负责人: Qing Gu
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Dallas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1941629&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Environmentally; Stable; Electrically; Pumped

Non-technical description:Photonic integrated circuits (ICs) have enabled many applications such as optical communication, bio-sensing, and quantum communication. To utilize the full functionality of photonic ICs, integrated electronic-photonic circuits are demanded, an essential component of which is an economical, silicon-compatible, and electronically addressable laser in the photonic IC. In the visible wavelengths, although epitaxially grown III-N semiconductors are the main gain medium candidate for on-chip lasers, they lack silicon-compatibility and is expensive. This proposal explores solution-processed metal-halide perovskites as alternative gain media and develops perovskite laser diodes on the silicon platform. By judiciously engineering the gain medium composition and band alignment of carrier transport layers with perovskite gain, employing defect-passivation, and designing for low-threshold laser cavities, environmentally stable perovskite laser diodes can be realized. The family of perovskite lasers developed in this program will enable efficient and low-cost integrated photonic solutions for confocal microscopy, on-chip fluorescent sensing, and flow cytometry in the bio-photonics area, as well as visible light communication and on-chip quantum emitters in the optical communication area. It will also help closing the “green gap” where conventional epitaxially grown inorganic semiconductors suffer from low efficiencies, and advance the field of solution-processed semiconductor lasers. The educational portion of the program aims to increase public awareness of photonics and to pipeline qualified students to help advance the U.S. photonics industry.Technical description:A crucial yet unavailable component in high-performance visible-wavelength photonic ICs and other chip-scale photonic systems is a silicon-compatible on-chip laser that is efficient, stable, economical, and electronically addressable. So far, III-N lasers are the main candidates, but their material platform requires complex epitaxial growth and lattice constant matching to the silicon substrate. Although solution-processed metal-halide perovskites have been suggested as alternative gain media, and many perovskite lasers have been demonstrated so far, all perovskite lasers to date are optically pumped. Additionally, they operate under ultrafast pulsed pumping and/or at cryogenic temperatures and have a short lifetime. This program starts by developing economical, environmentally stable and silicon-compatible perovskite lasers that operate under continuous wave optical pumping at room temperature. This can be achieved by directly patterning perovskite into high-Q laser resonators with the manufacturing friendly nanoimprint lithography, then defect-passivating the perovskite with polycarbonate. This program further aims to demonstrate electrically pumped perovskite lasers through band alignment tailoring of carrier transport layers for efficient current injection, perovskite-polymer blending for minimal leakage current, low-loss electrode formation to reduce wasteful non-radiative recombination at electrodes, and low-threshold laser cavity design. This work will not only lead to the insertion of perovskite lasers into functional photonic ICs, but also the long-sought-after realization of solution-processed laser diodes. On a more system level, this work will enable the connectivity between the photonic “plane” and electronic “plane” in multi-functional adaptive photonic/electronic integrated systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术描述：光子集成电路（ICs）已经实现了许多应用，如光通信，生物传感和量子通信。为了充分利用光子集成电路的全部功能，需要集成电子-光子电路，其基本组成部分是在光子集成电路中使用经济、硅兼容和电子可寻址的激光器。在可见波长中，尽管外延生长的III-N半导体是片上激光器的主要增益介质候选，但它们缺乏硅兼容性并且价格昂贵。本提案探索溶液处理金属卤化物钙钛矿作为替代增益介质，并在硅平台上开发钙钛矿激光二极管。利用钙钛矿增益合理设计载流子输运层的增益、介质组成和带向，采用缺陷钝化，设计低阈值激光腔，可以实现环境稳定的钙钛矿激光二极管。该项目开发的钙钛矿激光器系列将为生物光子学领域的共聚焦显微镜、片上荧光传感和流式细胞术以及光通信领域的可见光通信和片上量子发射器提供高效、低成本的集成光子解决方案。它还将有助于缩小传统外延生长无机半导体效率低下的“绿色缺口”，并推动溶液加工半导体激光器领域的发展。该计划的教育部分旨在提高公众对光子学的认识，并培养合格的学生，以帮助推动美国光子学产业的发展。技术描述：在高性能可见波长光子集成电路和其他芯片级光子系统中，一个关键但不可用的组件是硅兼容的片上激光器，它高效、稳定、经济、可电子寻址。到目前为止，III-N激光器是主要的候选者，但它们的材料平台需要复杂的外延生长和与硅衬底的晶格常数匹配。虽然溶液处理的金属卤化物钙钛矿已被建议作为替代增益介质，并且到目前为止已经证明了许多钙钛矿激光器，但迄今为止所有的钙钛矿激光器都是光泵浦的。此外，它们在超快脉冲泵送和/或低温下工作，寿命短。该计划首先开发经济，环境稳定和硅兼容的钙钛矿激光器，在室温下连续波光泵浦下工作。这可以通过使用制造友好的纳米压印光刻技术直接将钙钛矿图像化成高q激光谐振器，然后用聚碳酸酯对钙钛矿进行缺陷钝化来实现。该项目进一步旨在通过对载流子输运层进行条带对齐以实现高效电流注入、钙钛矿-聚合物混合以实现最小泄漏电流、低损耗电极形成以减少电极处浪费的非辐射复合以及低阈值激光腔设计来演示电泵浦钙钛矿激光器。这项工作不仅将导致钙钛矿激光器插入到功能光子集成电路中，而且还将实现长期追求的溶液处理激光二极管。在更系统的层面上，本工作将实现多功能自适应光子/电子集成系统中光子“面”与电子“面”之间的连接。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

High-speed nanoLEDs for chip-scale communication

用于芯片级通信的高速 nanoLED

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nancom.2021.100376
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Nano Communication Networks
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Murillo-Borjas, Bayron Lennin;Li, Xi;Gu, Qing
• 通讯作者: Gu, Qing

Surface Energy-Driven Preferential Grain Growth of Metal Halide Perovskites: Effects of Nanoimprint Lithography Beyond Direct Patterning

• DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17655
• 发表时间: 2021-01-21
• 期刊: ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
• 影响因子: 9.5
• 作者: Moon, Jiyoung;Kwon, Sunah;Gu, Qing
• 通讯作者: Gu, Qing

Bright Single-Layer Perovskite Host–Ionic Guest Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c03934
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: Chemistry of Materials
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Aditya Mishra;Stephen Diluzio;Masoud Alahbakhshi;Austen C. Adams;Melanie H. Bowler;Jiyoung Moon;Q. Gu-Q

Active Perovskite Hyperbolic Metasurface

• DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00391
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: ACS Photonics
• 影响因子: 7
• 作者: Zhitong Li;J. Smalley;R. Haroldson;Dayang Lin;R. Hawkins;Abouzar Gharajeh;Jiyoung Moon;Junpeng Hou;Chuanwei Zhang;Walter Hu;A. Zakhidov;Q. Gu

Pure Blue Electroluminescence by Differentiated Ion Motion in a Single Layer Perovskite Device

• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202102006
• 发表时间: 2021-06-04
• 期刊: ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
• 影响因子: 19
• 作者: Mishra, Aditya;Alahbakhshi, Masoud;Slinker, Jason D.
• 通讯作者: Slinker, Jason D.