CAREER: A Quantitative Analysis of Spatial Inequality and Place-based Policies

摘要本文揭示了地理不平等的原因、后果和政策含义。第一个项目将支持基于居住地和收入的再分配系统的理论论证正式化。然后，该项目评估了这种基于地区的再分配在美国的收益。第二个项目研究城市内部的地理不平等以及相应的社区一级基于地方的政策的影响。特别地，它联合分析了美国过去几十年的三个趋势：收入不平等加剧、高收入向大城市市中心转移以及这些城市的邻里变化。第三个项目发展了一个新的理论模型，其中包含了取决于收入的地点偏好，并研究了人口增长对技能地点选择变化的影响，以及对地理不平等的影响。近年来，经济地理学领域见证了一场定量革命，因为这些框架结合了理论的可追溯性、与数据的密切联系，以及对政策评估有用的基于定量模型的一般均衡反事实的能力。到目前为止，这些工具主要集中在研究具有均匀代理的模型的效率。本文扩展了该框架及其应用，以分析具有异质性主体的空间均衡，即家庭在技能和收入上的不平等导致不同的区位选择。除了空间政策对效率的影响外，这些理论延伸是分析空间不平等和空间政策的分配后果的必要起点。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

AbstractThis proposal sheds light on some of the causes, consequences and policy implications of geographic inequality. The first project formalizes the theoretical argument in favor of a redistribution system based on place of residence, in addition to income. The project then assesses the gains of such place-based redistribution in the United States. The second project studies within-city geographic inequality and the impact of corresponding neighborhood-level place-based policies. In particular, it analyzes jointly three trends of the past few decades in the United States: increased income inequality, high incomes moving to the downtowns of large cities, and neighborhood change in these cities. The third project develops and characterizes a new theoretical model that incorporates preferences for location that depend on income, and examines the impact of population growth on changes in location choice by skill, and on geographic inequality. The field of Economic Geography has witnessed a quantitative revolution in the recent years due to the frameworks that combine theoretical tractability, close connection to data, and the ability to undertake quantitative model-based general equilibrium counterfactuals that are useful for policy assessment. These tools have been primarily focused so far on studying efficiency in models with homogeneous agents. This proposal extends the framework and its applications to analyze spatial equilibria with heterogeneous agents, where households are unequal in skill and income, leading to different location choices. These theoretical extensions are a necessary starting point for the analysis to focus on spatial inequality and the distributional consequences of spatial policies, in addition to their impact on efficiency.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.