CAREER: Control Points on nutrient cycling in hypereutrophic lakes

职业：富营养化湖泊养分循环的控制点

• 批准号: 1942256
• 负责人: Grace Wilkinson
• 金额: $ 76.28万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-01 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1942256&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Control; Points; nutrient; cycling

Lakes are important places in the landscape for capturing, transforming, emitting, and storing carbon given their small surface area. Human activities in watersheds are causing many lakes and reservoirs to become over-enriched in nutrients. This is called hypereutrophication. Over-enrichment can cause a variety of problems in ecosystems, including changes in carbon cycling. While substantial progress has been made in understanding the processes that control carbon cycling in lakes and reservoirs, relatively little is known about how those processes operate in water bodies with extremely high nutrient concentrations, a condition which is becoming increasingly common. This research is aimed at identifying the key controls on carbon cycling in lakes and reservoirs under extreme nutrient loading. This will help predict how these ecosystems will respond to future environmental stresses. In addition to carbon cycling, lakes and reservoirs also provide important ecosystem services that are threatened by eutrophication. Managing freshwater resources to protect ecosystem services is vital for societal well-being. Yet, decisions about freshwater resources require educated water stewards working at the local level. This project will provide extensive training in aquatic ecosystem management to local water stewards, empowering their communities to make informed, data-driven decisions about lake and watershed management. In order to identify when and where the important drivers of carbon cycling are operating in lakes under extreme nutrient enrichment, high frequency sensors will be deployed in high-nutrient lakes to capture carbon cycling dynamics throughout the entire year. One of the focal study lakes is located on the Iowa State University campus. The live-streaming data and monitoring activities will be incorporated into educational opportunities across campus. An additional 20 lake-years of high frequency data will be collected through a lake management education and volunteer training program for local water stewards. All of the sensor-based measurements will be paired with less frequent synoptic sampling to quantify the pools of carbon and nutrients entering and cycling in the lakes. These time series will be used to quantify the aerobic, anaerobic, and physical transport processes controlling carbon cycling dynamics and to determine the environmental drivers of carbon cycling rates. This information, combined with long term water quality monitoring data from 130 lakes embedded in a nutrient-rich landscape, will be used to estimate aquatic carbon cycling rates at a regional scale.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

湖泊是景观中捕获，转化，排放和储存碳的重要场所，因为它们的表面积很小。人类在流域的活动正在导致许多湖泊和水库的营养物质过度富集。这就是所谓的过度富营养化。过度浓缩会在生态系统中造成各种问题，包括碳循环的变化。虽然在了解控制湖泊和水库中碳循环的过程方面取得了重大进展，但对这些过程如何在营养物浓度极高的水体中运作知之甚少，这种情况越来越普遍。本研究旨在确定极端营养负荷下湖泊和水库碳循环的关键控制因素。这将有助于预测这些生态系统将如何应对未来的环境压力。除了碳循环之外，湖泊和水库还提供重要的生态系统服务，这些服务受到富营养化的威胁。管理淡水资源以保护生态系统服务对社会福祉至关重要。然而，有关淡水资源的决定需要在地方一级工作的受过教育的水管理员。该项目将为当地水资源管理人员提供广泛的水生生态系统管理培训，使其社区能够就湖泊和流域管理做出明智的、数据驱动的决策。为了确定碳循环的重要驱动因素何时何地在极端富营养化的湖泊中发挥作用，将在高营养湖泊中部署高频传感器，以捕捉全年的碳循环动态。其中一个重点研究湖位于爱荷华州州立大学校园内。直播数据和监控活动将被纳入整个校园的教育机会。另外20个湖泊年的高频数据将通过湖泊管理教育和当地水管理员志愿者培训计划收集。所有基于传感器的测量将与不太频繁的天气采样配对，以量化进入湖泊和在湖泊中循环的碳和营养物池。这些时间序列将用于量化控制碳循环动力学的有氧、厌氧和物理运输过程，并确定碳循环速率的环境驱动因素。这些信息，结合长期水质监测数据，从130个湖泊嵌入在一个营养丰富的景观，将被用来估计水生碳循环率在区域scale.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

项目成果

No evidence of widespread algal bloom intensification in hundreds of lakes

• DOI: 10.1002/fee.2421
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
• 影响因子: 10.3
• 作者: G. Wilkinson;J. Walter;C. Buelo;M. Pace