CAREER: Estimating and Addressing Disaster Survivors' Unmet Needs: A Social Vulnerability and Social Infrastructure Approach

这项学院早期职业发展(职业)赠款将进一步加深对社区如何有效利用慈善资源以满足灾后住房恢复需求的理解。随着灾害成本和灾害流离失所的增加，政府对个人的援助和私人保险往往不足以确保所有受影响的人完全康复。如果有效和高效地利用，慈善资源可以满足灾难幸存者未得到满足的需求。当地领导的非营利性“长期恢复组织”经常负责分配这些资源，但人们对这些组织的努力知之甚少，也不知道是什么使它们的运作在促进社区恢复和恢复能力方面或多或少有效。该项目将评估慈善住房恢复做法如何影响个人未得到满足的需求、灾后公平以及受影响社区的总体慈善生态系统。该项目将利用研究结果为当地非营利组织、政府官员和基金会提供信息并测试培训计划，以提高他们管理灾难恢复慈善资源的效率。教育成果还包括培养人数不足的学生参与STEM的本科生研究经验，以及与灾难恢复非营利组织协调的研究生实习，以提高他们的数据管理技能。这个项目建立在过去对非营利性运营和住房回收的研究基础上，引入了一种将两者整合在一起的新方法。最近的研究表明，政府援助进程与灾后经济和种族不平等加剧有关。与此同时，社会“基础设施”，如当地非营利组织，特别是长期恢复团体，为经常难以获得政府灾难援助的社会弱势群体提供恢复支持。然而，对灾难的慈善反应还没有得到充分的研究。这是首次尝试量化长期复苏组织的有效性，并确定在支持全美房地产复苏方面提高其有效性的因素。该项目的工作将包括利用最近灾害的二级和初级数据开发和分析非营利性灾难恢复业务的新数据集。虽然这项工作的重点是长期恢复群体，但这项工作的结果将对非灾难情况产生影响。该项目将增加对如何将灾害情况下的做法制度化到组织中的了解，从而解决特派团和能力的突然变化如何影响组织业务的问题。研究结果还将指出，如何将抗灾能力融入所有类型的非营利组织的日常运作中，以及抗灾能力如何影响它们的总体运作和使命。此外，这项工作将评估慈善救灾对社区更广泛的慈善安全网的影响。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) grant will further the understanding of how communities can effectively leverage philanthropic resources to meet housing-recovery needs after disasters. As disaster costs and disaster displacement increase, governmental assistance to individuals and private insurance often are inadequate to ensure full recovery for all affected people. Philanthropic resources can address unmet needs of disaster survivors if used effectively and efficiently. Locally led nonprofit “long-term recovery groups” are often charged with distributing these resources, but little is known about these organizations’ efforts or what makes their operations more or less effective in promoting community recovery and resilience. This project will assess how philanthropic housing-recovery practices affect individual unmet needs, post-disaster equity, and the overarching philanthropic ecosystem of affected communities. This project will use the research results to inform and test a training program for locally based nonprofits, government officials, and foundations that will improve their effectiveness in managing philanthropic resources for disaster recovery. Educational outcomes also include undergraduate research experiences to foster under-represented student engagement in STEM and graduate student internships coordinated with disaster recovery nonprofits to further their data management skills. This project builds on past research into nonprofit operations and housing recovery, introducing a new approach that integrates both. Recent research indicates that governmental aid processes correlate with increased economic and racial inequality after disasters. At the same time, social “infrastructure”, like local nonprofits and especially long-term recovery groups, provide recovery support to socially vulnerable populations who often have difficulty accessing governmental disaster aid. Yet, philanthropic response to disaster is understudied. This is the first attempt to quantify long-term recovery groups’ effectiveness and to identify the factors that increase their effectiveness in supporting housing recovery across the United States. The project work will include the development and analysis of a new dataset of nonprofit disaster recovery operations using secondary and primary data from recent disasters. While focused on long-term recovery groups, the findings from this work will have implications for non-disaster situations. The project will increase understanding of how practices undertaken in disaster situations can be institutionalized into organizations, thus addressing how sudden change in mission and capacity affects organizational operations. The research findings will also point to how disaster resilience can be integrated into daily operations of all types of nonprofits and how resilience affects their overarching operation and mission. Further, this work will evaluate the effects of philanthropic response to disasters on a community’s broader philanthropic safety net.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.