CAREER: Estimating and Addressing Disaster Survivors' Unmet Needs: A Social Vulnerability and Social Infrastructure Approach

该教师早期职业发展（CAREER）补助金将进一步了解社区如何有效地利用慈善资源来满足灾后住房恢复需求。随着灾害成本和灾害流离失所的增加，政府对个人的援助和私人保险往往不足以确保所有受灾民众的全面恢复。如果有效和高效地利用慈善资源，可以解决灾难幸存者未得到满足的需求。当地领导的非营利“长期恢复团体”通常负责分配这些资源，但人们对这些组织的努力知之甚少，也不知道是什么使它们的运作在促进社区恢复和复原力方面或多或少有效。该项目将评估慈善住房恢复做法如何影响个人未满足的需求，灾后公平以及受影响社区的总体慈善生态系统。该项目将利用研究结果为当地非营利组织、政府官员和基金会提供信息和测试培训计划，以提高他们管理灾难恢复慈善资源的有效性。教育成果还包括本科研究经验，以促进代表性不足的学生参与STEM和研究生实习与灾难恢复非营利组织协调，以进一步提高他们的数据管理技能。该项目建立在过去对非营利组织运营和住房恢复的研究基础上，引入了一种将两者结合起来的新方法。最近的研究表明，政府援助过程与灾后经济和种族不平等的加剧有关。与此同时，社会“基础设施”，如当地非营利组织，特别是长期恢复团体，向往往难以获得政府救灾援助的社会弱势群体提供恢复支助。然而，对灾害的慈善反应却研究不足。这是第一次尝试量化长期复苏团体的有效性，并确定提高其在支持美国各地住房复苏方面的有效性的因素。该项目的工作将包括开发和分析一个新的非营利灾难恢复操作数据集，使用最近灾难的二级和初级数据。虽然这项工作的重点是长期恢复团体，但其结果将对非灾害情况产生影响。该项目将使人们更好地了解在灾害情况下采取的做法如何能够在各组织中制度化，从而解决使命和能力的突然变化如何影响组织业务的问题。研究结果还将指出如何将灾难恢复能力纳入所有类型的非营利组织的日常运作，以及恢复能力如何影响其总体运作和使命。此外，这项工作将评估慈善应对灾害对社区更广泛的慈善安全网的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) grant will further the understanding of how communities can effectively leverage philanthropic resources to meet housing-recovery needs after disasters. As disaster costs and disaster displacement increase, governmental assistance to individuals and private insurance often are inadequate to ensure full recovery for all affected people. Philanthropic resources can address unmet needs of disaster survivors if used effectively and efficiently. Locally led nonprofit “long-term recovery groups” are often charged with distributing these resources, but little is known about these organizations’ efforts or what makes their operations more or less effective in promoting community recovery and resilience. This project will assess how philanthropic housing-recovery practices affect individual unmet needs, post-disaster equity, and the overarching philanthropic ecosystem of affected communities. This project will use the research results to inform and test a training program for locally based nonprofits, government officials, and foundations that will improve their effectiveness in managing philanthropic resources for disaster recovery. Educational outcomes also include undergraduate research experiences to foster under-represented student engagement in STEM and graduate student internships coordinated with disaster recovery nonprofits to further their data management skills. This project builds on past research into nonprofit operations and housing recovery, introducing a new approach that integrates both. Recent research indicates that governmental aid processes correlate with increased economic and racial inequality after disasters. At the same time, social “infrastructure”, like local nonprofits and especially long-term recovery groups, provide recovery support to socially vulnerable populations who often have difficulty accessing governmental disaster aid. Yet, philanthropic response to disaster is understudied. This is the first attempt to quantify long-term recovery groups’ effectiveness and to identify the factors that increase their effectiveness in supporting housing recovery across the United States. The project work will include the development and analysis of a new dataset of nonprofit disaster recovery operations using secondary and primary data from recent disasters. While focused on long-term recovery groups, the findings from this work will have implications for non-disaster situations. The project will increase understanding of how practices undertaken in disaster situations can be institutionalized into organizations, thus addressing how sudden change in mission and capacity affects organizational operations. The research findings will also point to how disaster resilience can be integrated into daily operations of all types of nonprofits and how resilience affects their overarching operation and mission. Further, this work will evaluate the effects of philanthropic response to disasters on a community’s broader philanthropic safety net.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.