CAREER: Characterizing African Dust Aging and Seasonal Contributions of Dust and Biomass Burning to Aerosol Biogeochemical Cycles

职业：描述非洲灰尘老化以及灰尘和生物质燃烧对气溶胶生物地球化学循环的季节性贡献

• 批准号: 1944958
• 负责人: Cassandra Gaston
• 金额: $ 78.36万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1944958&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Characterizing; African; Dust; Aging

This project is focused on the study of the sources and aging of African dust in the North Atlantic Basin. The central hypothesis of the research is that chemically-aged African dust particles are the primary source of soluble phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) to the North Atlantic Basin in the summertime, whereas combustion and biomass burning aerosol are the primary sources in the winter and spring, contributing even larger quantities of soluble P and Fe than summertime aged dust. Soluble forms of nutrients, such as P and Fe, can have a large influence on biogeochemical cycles in the world’s oceans and can impact the sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), affecting climate.The research objectives of the effort are to: 1) characterize the chemical mechanisms that age African dust during transport and determine their impact on the solubility of P and Fe, and 2) determine the contributions of biomass burning and combustion to soluble forms of P and Fe in the North Atlantic Basin through seasonal measurements. Data from two sites that have been used for decades to document the long-range transport of African dust will be used in this study: 1) the Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) on Virginia Key in Miami, Florida, and 2) the University of Miami’s Barbados Atmospheric Chemistry Observatory (BACO). Several parameters will be evaluated in the dust samples to better understand the mechanisms that increase the solubility of P and Fe. These are: (1) whether aging has taken place, (2) the acidity of the dust particles, (3) which specific acids are internally mixed with dust; and 4) whether soluble P and Fe from combustion aerosols are also present. The work is of great interest to communities in the Caribbean that are concerned about the health impacts of transported African dust. The educational activities will both facilitate hands-on early career training in analytical techniques as well as develop science writing and communication skills for Ph.D. students, undergraduates, and high school students from under-resourced communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的重点是研究北大西洋盆地非洲尘埃的来源和老化。该研究的中心假设是，化学年龄的非洲尘埃颗粒是可溶性磷（P）和铁（Fe）的主要来源，北大西洋盆地在夏季，而燃烧和生物质燃烧气溶胶的主要来源，在冬季和春季，贡献更大量的可溶性P和Fe比夏季年龄的灰尘。 可溶形式的营养物，如磷和铁，可对世界海洋的生物地球化学循环产生重大影响，并可影响大气中二氧化碳的固存，从而影响气候。1）描述非洲尘埃在运输过程中老化的化学机制，并确定其对P和Fe溶解度的影响，2）通过季节性测量确定生物质燃烧和燃烧对北大西洋海盆可溶态P和Fe的贡献。本研究将使用来自两个地点的数据，这两个地点已经使用了几十年来记录非洲尘埃的远距离迁移：1）佛罗里达州迈阿密弗吉尼亚礁的罗森斯蒂尔海洋大气科学学院（RSMAS），2）迈阿密大学的巴巴多斯大气化学观测站（BACO）。 几个参数将在粉尘样品中进行评估，以更好地了解增加P和Fe的溶解度的机制。 这些是：（1）是否发生老化;（2）尘埃粒子的酸度;（3）哪些特定的酸与尘埃内部混合;以及（4）是否也存在来自燃烧气溶胶的可溶性P和Fe。这项工作对加勒比地区关注非洲粉尘对健康影响的社区非常感兴趣。 教育活动将促进分析技术的实践早期职业培训，并培养博士的科学写作和沟通技能。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Atmospheric Transport of North African Dust‐Bearing Supermicron Freshwater Diatoms to South America: Implications for Iron Transport to the Equatorial North Atlantic Ocean

• DOI: 10.1029/2020gl090476
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: A. Barkley;Nicole E. Olson;J. Prospero;Alexandre Gatineau;K. Panechou;N. Maynard;P. Blackwelder;S. China;A. Ault;C. Gaston

Interannual Variability in the Source Location of North African Dust Transported to the Amazon

• DOI: 10.1029/2021gl097344
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: A. Barkley;A. Pourmand;Jack Longman;A. Sharifi;J. Prospero;K. Panechou;Natalie Bakker;N. Drake;D. Guinoiseau;C. Gaston

African smoke particles act as cloud condensation nuclei in the wintertime tropical North Atlantic boundary layer over Barbados

非洲烟雾颗粒在巴巴多斯上空冬季热带北大西洋边界层中充当云凝结核

• DOI: 10.17604/drt6-ys34
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: University of Miami Libraries
• 作者: Royer, Haley;Pöhlker, Mira;Krueger, Ovid Oktavian;Blades, Edmund;Sealy, Peter;Lata, Nurun Nahar;Cheng, Zezhen;China, Swarup;Ault, Andrew;Quinn, Patricia
• 通讯作者: Quinn, Patricia

Data for Interannual variability in the source location of North African dust transported to the Amazon

输送到亚马逊的北非沙尘源位置的年际变化数据

• DOI: 10.17604/qqq0-p310
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: University of Miami Libraries
• 作者: Gaston, Cassandra;Pourmand, A;Longman, J;Sharifi, A;Prospero, Joseph;Panechou, K;Bakker, N;Drake, N;Guioiseau, D;Barkley, Anne
• 通讯作者: Barkley, Anne