Collaborative Research: Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program

合作研究：北大西洋次极地计划的颠覆

基本信息

批准号：
1948335
负责人：
Susan Lozier
金额：
$ 94.62万
依托单位：
Georgia Tech Research Corporation
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-02-15 至 2025-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1948335&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Overturning Subpolar North

项目摘要

A US-led international effort, Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP), has provided a continuous record of the full-water column, trans-basin fluxes of heat, mass, and freshwater in the subpolar North Atlantic since 2014, in partnership with the UK, Netherlands, Canada and Germany. Results from the first four years of OSNAP observations have challenged the current understanding of overturning circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic. This grant provides funding for an additional four years of observations in order to deliver to the community a ten-year time series of the meridional overturning, heat and freshwater fluxes in the subpolar basin. Variations in these quantities have been invoked to explain changes in a wide range of physical, chemical and biological parameters in the North Atlantic, Nordic Seas, and Arctic Ocean. Thus, by quantifying Atlantic meridional overturning variability and understanding its drivers, OSNAP is providing a critical first step towards addressing societally-relevant, interdisciplinary questions concerning the melting of Greenland ice and Arctic sea-ice, heat content in the Arctic Ocean, climate of the Nordic Seas, and anthropogenic carbon storage. The researchers will actively engage the broader international communities through four workshops, each targeting a societally relevant theme: 1) ocean biogeochemistry and carbon sequestration; 2) overturning in ocean models; 3) Arctic cryosphere; and 4) Nordic Seas variability. Two new postdocs and one graduate student will be supported in this phase of OSNAP and will benefit from the diversity of methodologies and exposure to the large number of OSNAP international scientists. In addition, approximately 20 graduate students from different US and international institutions will receive field training through participation in OSNAP cruises through 2024.The first four years of data from the OSNAP observing system have shown that the eastern subpolar region, from Greenland to Scotland, dominates the mean meridional mass and heat transport in the subpolar North Atlantic, while more than half of the total meridional freshwater transport occurs across the Labrador basin. Based on the success of the previous work, this project extends the time series and address the following critical questions: 1. What governs overturning variability in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre on intra-seasonal to interannual time scales? 2. What are the sources of freshwater across the OSNAP section and what governs their variability? 3. What are the impacts of the meridional heat and freshwater fluxes in the subpolar gyre? Additional motivation for this next phase of OSNAP is provided by the fundamental advancements in our understanding of subpolar North Atlantic dynamics and variability, that will result from the four main U.S. OSNAP mooring arrays, individually and in combination with other OSNAP observations. Further observations are expected to provide a strong observational basis for a new paradigm of overturning in this region, which will include an understanding of the linkage between dense water formation and overturning - a connection present in climate models, yet unobserved to date. Additionally, this this work will further quantify the structure and transport of the upper and deep ocean boundary currents off the east and west coasts of Greenland and within the Iceland Basin, as well as determine their variability and forcing mechanisms.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

自2014年以来，美国领导的国际努力在北大西洋北部大西洋计划（OSNAP）中推翻了全水柱，跨波力，质量和淡水的跨巴丁式通量，自2014年以来与英国北大西洋北大西洋的热，质量和淡水助理。 OSNAP观测的前四年的结果挑战了当前对北大西洋亚北大西洋循环的理解。该赠款为另外四年的观察提供了资金，以便向社区提供十年时间序列的子午线倾覆，热和淡水通量。已经调用了这些数量的变化，以解释北大西洋，北欧海和北极海的各种物理，化学和生物学参数的变化。因此，通过量化大西洋子午倾覆的可变性并了解其驱动因素，OSNAP为解决与社会相关的，跨学科的问题提供了关键的第一步，该问题涉及格陵兰冰和北极海冰，北极海洋中的热量，北极海洋的热量，北欧海洋的气候，以及北欧海洋和荷兰碳的气候。研究人员将通过四个研讨会积极参与更广泛的国际社区，每个研讨会针对社会相关的主题：1）海洋生物地球化学和碳固存； 2）在海洋模型中推翻； 3）北极冰冻圈； 4）北欧海洋变异性。在OSNAP的这一阶段，将支持两个新的博士后和一名研究生，并将受益于方法论的多样性和对大量OSNAP国际科学家的接触。此外，大约有20名来自美国和国际机构的研究生将通过参与OSNAP巡航到2024年接受现场培训。从OSNAP观察系统中的数据的前四年数据表明，从格陵兰到苏格兰的东部极性地区，从格陵兰到苏格兰，占据了平均子午线质量和热量在北部大型运输中的平均子午线和热量运输的一半，而不是多个新鲜的一半。基于先前工作的成功，该项目扩展了时间序列并解决以下关键问题：1。是什么控制了北大西洋亚大西洋季节对季节内到过世时尺度的颠覆变异性？ 2。整个OSNAP部分的淡水来源是什么？什么控制了它们的可变性？ 3。子极性回旋中子午热和淡水通量的影响是什么？下一阶段OSNAP的其他动机是由我们理解北大西洋亚大西洋动力学和可变性的基本进步提供的，这将源于美国四个主要的OSNAP系泊阵列，并与其他OSNAP观察结果结合使用。预计进一步的观察结果将为该地区推翻的新范式提供强大的观察基础，这将包括了解密集的水形成和推翻之间的联系 - 气候模型中存在这种联系，但迄今尚未观察到。此外，这项工作将进一步量化在格陵兰东部和西海岸以及冰岛盆地内的上和深海边界电流的结构和运输，并确定它们的可变性和强迫机制。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的智力功能和广泛影响的评估来审查CRETERIA的智力。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（13）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Atlantic Deep Water Formation Occurs Primarily in the Iceland Basin and Irminger Sea by Local Buoyancy Forcing

DOI：
10.1029/2020gl091028
发表时间：
2020-11-28
期刊：
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Petit, Tillys;Lozier, M. Susan;Cunningham, Stuart A.
通讯作者：
Cunningham, Stuart A.

Deep ocean circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic observed by acoustically-tracked floats

通过声学跟踪浮标观测北大西洋副极地深海环流

DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2023.102975
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Progress in Oceanography
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Zou, Sijia;Bower, Amy S.;Lozier, M. Susan;Furey, Heather H.
通讯作者：
Furey, Heather H.

Overflow water pathways in the North Atlantic

北大西洋的溢流水道

DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102874
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Progress in Oceanography
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Susan Lozier, M.;Bower, Amy S.;Furey, Heather H.;Drouin, Kimberley L.;Xu, Xiaobiao;Zou, Sijia
通讯作者：
Zou, Sijia

Observation-based estimates of heat and freshwater exchanges from the subtropical North Atlantic to the Arctic