Collaborative Research: PReSto: A Paleoclimate Reconstruction Storehouse to Broaden Access and Accelerate Scientific Inference

来自树木年轮、湖泊沉积物、珊瑚和冰芯的记录可以作为了解过去气候变化的信息来源。每一个这些来源都可以包含当地的气候信息，所以要看大陆或全球范围内的气候变化，这些观测必须结合到“古气候重建”。这种重建被广泛用于为许多领域提供信息，包括考古学，生态学和气候科学，以及土地管理和气候政策决策。目前，还没有集成的解决方案来生成、更新或分发这些重建。因此，它们很少更新，而且缺乏一个中央信息交换所，使得非专家很难找到可靠的重建。该项目将创建一个古气候重建仓库（PReSto），该仓库将使用最新的数据和最先进的方法，在互联网上提供广泛的古气候重建。通过简化和扩大对这些重要科学资源的获取，该项目可以加速科学进步，改善公众对科学产品的获取。PReSto将是一个集成的解决方案，建立在现有和新兴的网络基础设施上，以1）将稳步增长的古气候数据数字收集与不断发展的方法连接起来，2）分发结果，3）通过基于网络的门户网站有效地将其可视化。虽然PReSto将被设计用于任何气候变量或时间段的古气候重建，但该项目将在两个互补的时间段上对该平台进行试点：共同时代（过去2,000年）和全新世（过去~12,000年）。这两个时期都有助于将现代气候置于更长的背景下，使研究人员能够探索低频气候变化及其驱动因素。共同时代包括每月和每年的记录和既定的方法，而全新世气候通常是在较低的时间分辨率观察和合成使用的方法仍在开发中。PReSto中的所有代码和输出都将公开提供，并支持在多个数据和科学素养层面向支持者进行知识转移。PReSto将通过研讨会在古气候社区建立能力，这些研讨会将：1）培训数据管理员正确识别和描述古气候数据集，2）培训早期职业研究人员使用这种网络基础设施来推进他们的科学目标。该项目还将为北方亚利桑那州的K-12和部落学院教师开发资源，并为整个地区的教师设计和提供为期一天的教育研讨会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

Records from tree rings, lake sediments, corals, and ice cores can be used as sources of information to understand how climate has changed in the past. Each of these sources can contain local climate information, so to look at continental or global-scale changes in climate these observations must be combined into “paleoclimate reconstructions”. Such reconstructions are broadly used to inform many fields, including archaeology, ecology and climate science, as well as land management and climate policy decisions. At present, there is no integrated solution to produce, update, or distribute these reconstructions. As a result, they are rarely updated, and the lack of a central clearinghouse makes reliable reconstructions difficult to find for non-experts. This project will create a Paleoclimate Reconstruction Storehouse (PReSto), that will use the most up-to-date data and cutting edge methods to provide broad access to paleoclimate reconstructions on the internet. By streamlining and increasing broader access to these important scientific resources, this project can accelerate scientific advances and improve public access to scientific products. PReSto will be an integrated solution that builds on existing and emerging cyberinfrastructure to 1) connect a steadily growing digital collection of paleoclimate data to evolving methodologies, 2) distribute the results, and 3) effectively visualize them through a web-based portal. Although PReSto will be designed for paleoclimate reconstructions of any climate variable or time period, this project will pilot the platform on two complementary time periods: the Common Era (the past 2,000 years) and the Holocene (the past ~12,000 years). Both periods help place modern climate into a much longer context, allowing researchers to probe low-frequency climate variability and its drivers. The Common Era incorporates monthly and annual records and established methodologies, whereas Holocene climate is typically observed at lower temporal resolution and synthesized using methods that are still under development. All code and outputs in PReSto will be publicly available and support knowledge transfer to constituencies at multiple levels of data and science literacy. PReSto will build capacity in the paleoclimate community with workshops that will 1) train data stewards to properly digitize and describe paleoclimate datasets, and 2) train early-career researchers to use this cyberinfrastructure to further their scientific objectives. This project will also develop resources for K-12 and tribal college teachers in Northern Arizona, and design and offer one-day educational workshops for teachers throughout the region.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.