RUI: Evaluating selection via ocean acidification and evolutionary responses of two coastal fishes

RUI：通过海洋酸化和两种沿海鱼类的进化反应评估选择

• 批准号: 1948975
• 负责人: Darren Johnson
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: California State University-Long Beach Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1948975&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Evaluating; selection; via; ocean

Ongoing increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide have changed the acidity of the ocean, which could affect growth and survival of marine organisms. For fishes, the projected decreases in ocean pH could cause severe increases in mortality during the larval and juvenile stages. In turn, these effects may lead to major reductions in the numbers and size of adult fish, loss of fishery yields, and a loss of income for people whose livelihoods depend on the sea. However, if species can genetically adapt to become more tolerant of ocean acidification conditions, then evolutionary responses may play a role in the long-term dynamics of populations. This project examines how ocean acidification may alter patterns of natural selection for two species of fish in a set of breeding experiments that test tolerances to low pH of different genetic lineages. These experiments are determining the genetic capacity present in these populations to adapt to future conditions and offset the negative effects of changes in seawater chemistry. Broader impacts of this project include the training of two graduate students and at least nine undergraduates at an institution that is recognized as both a Hispanic Serving Institution and an Asian American, Native American, and Pacific Islander Serving Institution, and is one of the most culturally diverse universities in the world. Additional broader impacts include public outreach activities through local aquaria and regular meetings with local city and beach managers. Presentations focus on long-term population predictions of two fish species that are culturally and economically valuable.The goal of the project is to understand how ocean acidification will affect both offspring survival and maternal fitness. The project combines quantitative genetic studies with laboratory experiments and population modeling to examine tradeoffs between fecundity and offspring survival under present and predicted ocean acidification conditions. Breeding experiments are assessing the natural genetic variance underlying larval traits. The experimental protocol includes testing for parental effects by exposing adult fishes to high-pCO2 seawater during gametogenesis and measuring the survival of offspring experiencing conditions of ocean acidification. The capacity for genetic change in response to changes in ocean carbonate chemistry is being investigated through mathematical models. Quantitative evaluation includes 1) how selection operates as seawater chemistry changes; 2) levels of genetic (co)variation underlying larval traits; 3) whether non-genetic inheritance may affect responses to ocean acidification; and 4) whether evolutionary changes are fast enough to affect the dynamics of populations over relevant timeframes (e.g., 10-100 years). The project is developing a genetic model for describing how changes in ocean chemistry are driving natural selection.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大气中二氧化碳的持续增加改变了海洋的酸度，这可能会影响海洋生物的生长和生存。对于鱼类来说，预计海洋酸碱度的下降可能会导致幼体和幼体阶段死亡率的严重增加。反过来，这些影响可能导致成鱼数量和大小的大幅减少，渔业产量的损失，以及依赖海洋谋生的人的收入损失。然而，如果物种能够从基因上适应，变得对海洋酸化条件更加耐受，那么进化反应可能会在种群的长期动态中发挥作用。该项目在一系列繁殖实验中研究了海洋酸化如何改变两种鱼类的自然选择模式，这些实验测试了不同遗传谱系对低pH的耐受性。这些实验正在确定这些种群中存在的适应未来条件和抵消海水化学变化的负面影响的遗传能力。该项目的更广泛影响包括在一个既被公认为西班牙裔服务机构，也被公认为亚裔美国人、土著美国人和太平洋岛民服务机构的机构培训两名研究生和至少九名本科生，该机构是世界上文化最多元化的大学之一。其他更广泛的影响包括通过当地水族馆开展的公共宣传活动以及与当地城市和海滩管理人员的定期会议。该项目的目标是了解海洋酸化将如何影响后代的生存和母体的健康。该项目将定量遗传学研究与实验室实验和种群建模相结合，以考察在当前和预测的海洋酸化条件下繁殖力和后代存活率之间的权衡。育种实验正在评估幼虫特征背后的自然遗传差异。实验方案包括通过在配子发生期间将成年鱼暴露在高二氧化碳海水中来测试父母的影响，以及测量经历海洋酸化条件的后代的存活率。正在通过数学模型研究因海洋碳酸盐化学变化而发生遗传变化的能力。定量评估包括1)选择如何随着海水化学变化而运作；2)幼虫特征的遗传(共)变异水平；3)非遗传遗传是否可能影响对海洋酸化的反应；以及4)进化变化是否足够快，以影响相关时间段(例如，10-100年)的种群动态。该项目正在开发一种遗传模型，用于描述海洋化学的变化是如何驱动自然选择的。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Larval fish in a warming ocean: a bioenergetic study of temperature-dependent growth and assimilation efficiency

变暖海洋中的幼鱼：温度依赖性生长和同化效率的生物能研究

• DOI: 10.3354/meps14057
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Marine Ecology Progress Series
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Shelley, CE;Johnson, DW
• 通讯作者: Johnson, DW

Effects of ocean acidification and warming on the specific dynamic action of California Grunion (Leuresthes tenuis) larvae

海洋酸化和变暖对加州Grunion (Leuresthes tenuis)幼虫特定动态行为的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2023.151893
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Siegfried, Emma;Johnson, Darren W.
• 通讯作者: Johnson, Darren W.

Selection on offspring size and contemporary evolution under ocean acidification

海洋酸化下后代大小的选择和当代进化

• DOI: 10.1038/s41558-022-01425-2
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Nature Climate Change
• 影响因子: 30.7
• 作者: Johnson, Darren W.