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Collaborative Research: Ensuring Sustainable Energy Storage Operations in the US Electricity Grid

合作研究：确保美国电网可持续储能运行

基本信息

批准号：
1948963
负责人：
Ines Azevedo
金额：
$ 9.87万
依托单位：
Stanford University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-01 至 2022-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1948963&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Ensuring Sustainable Energy

项目摘要

This research project investigates the environmental effects of energy storage operations in the United States using life-cycle assessments and electricity system engineering-economic modeling. The first objective of the proposed work is to understand the climate, health and environmental effects of operating energy storage devices on the electricity grid. The second objective is to propose new electricity system policies that allow the economic benefits of storage to be captured without causing inadvertent system emissions. Energy storage deployments are expected to increase rapidly in the coming years, but the environmental consequences of their operation phase are generally unknown. The effort will build on the researchers' prior work on the topic and will estimate the emissions effects of several different energy storage technologies providing energy arbitrage, renewable energy integration, and frequency regulation services. In addition, project activities include the participation of both graduate and undergraduate research assistants, through an undergraduate summer research program. The public is being engaged on the research topic through development of a freely-distributed "Emissions and Renewables" expansion to the popular board game, Power Grid.This research project is utilizing electricity system modeling approaches, marginal emissions factors, and emissions-related damage estimation tools. The analysis also includes an evaluation of a variety of likely policy interventions that can improve the environmental footprint of energy storage, including performance standards and alternative operational strategies. As part of this work, existing concepts are being coupled in new ways, combining energy storage operational models with marginal emissions factors to estimate climate, health and environmental impacts. Part of this effort involves developing new forecasts of marginal emissions factors for use in both this research project and by others examining the expected effects of future changes to the electricity grid. Finally, policy or market limitations on new energy storage, which have not been considered up to now, are an integral part of the research effort. Energy storage will be rapidly adopted in the coming decades. Policies that ensure sustainable development of these technologies are needed before large-scale deployment occurs, and the results of this work could be used directly in the formation of new policy.

该研究项目使用生命周期评估和电力系统工程经济建模来调查美国储能运营的环境影响。拟议工作的第一个目标是了解在电网上运行储能设备对气候、健康和环境的影响。第二个目标是提出新的电力系统政策，允许存储的经济效益被捕获，而不会造成无意的系统排放。预计未来几年储能部署将迅速增加，但其运行阶段的环境后果通常是未知的。这项工作将建立在研究人员先前关于该主题的工作基础上，并将估计几种不同的储能技术的排放影响，这些技术提供能源套利，可再生能源集成和频率调节服务。此外，项目活动包括研究生和本科生研究助理的参与，通过本科生暑期研究计划。公众正在通过开发一个免费分发的“排放和可再生能源”扩展到流行的棋盘游戏，电网的研究课题。该研究项目是利用电力系统建模方法，边际排放因子和排放相关的损害估计工具。该分析还包括对各种可能的政策干预措施的评估，这些措施可以改善储能的环境足迹，包括性能标准和替代运营策略。作为这项工作的一部分，现有的概念正在以新的方式结合起来，将储能运营模型与边际排放因子相结合，以估计气候，健康和环境影响。这项工作的一部分涉及开发新的边际排放因子预测，用于本研究项目和其他研究未来电网变化的预期影响的项目。最后，到目前为止尚未考虑的新能源存储的政策或市场限制是研究工作的一个组成部分。在未来几十年内，储能将被迅速采用。在大规模部署之前，需要制定确保这些技术可持续发展的政策，这项工作的结果可直接用于制定新政策。