SCC-IRG Track 2: Smart Air: Informing Driver Behavior through Dynamic Sensing and Smart Messaging

高度集中使用来自化石燃料的能源可导致空气质量差，造成不利的健康影响和经济后果。一个典型的例子是大量空转车辆聚集的地方（例如，学校和医院的上下车区），导致不健康空气的小气候。代客泊车服务员等工作人员可能会在这些微环境中度过整个工作日，而经过这些区域的儿童由于身高原因，污染程度可能比成年人高出60%。这些车辆造成的空气质量差的小气候为社区提供了一个引人注目的机会，让他们能够利用新兴技术来拥有空气和影响空气质量的行为。这个项目的社会技术方法被称为SmartAir，它将协同整合动态空气质量信息和社会规范反馈，以积极影响影响在污染微环境中工作或经过污染微环境的弱势个人福祉的决策。减少空转的反馈方法反映了数字速度显示器提供的反馈，这已被证明对驾驶员行为（减少超速）产生积极影响，从而减少该行为对健康的影响（减少交通事故）。拟议中的试点示范将在犹他州北部进行，该地区定期出现美国空气质量最差的情况。SmartAir项目采用了一种全面的社区参与方式——从传感和显示技术的开发到文化敏感信息的共同创造，合作开展试点研究和功效评估。SmartAir将带来新的技术和行为科学的发展。首先，该项目将开发可穿戴、可校准、低成本的空气质量传感节点，以支持智能和互联社区的成员最大限度地减少污染暴露。其次，该项目将使传感器测量与当地气象信息和数据筛选算法快速集成，以动态地向个人提供有关空转行为的反馈，并向寻求尽量减少污染暴露的工人提供反馈。第三，SmartAir系统将被整合到行为改变实验和共同创造的社区精心制作的信息中，以影响个人的选择。社区伙伴的全面参与对于共同开发和试点解决空气质量问题的解决方案至关重要，并最终确保一个高度可扩展和可持续的系统。这项工作的广泛影响是多方面的，包括以下方面。SmartAir将作为一个框架，在空气质量测量和个人决策之间建立一个闭环。它还将有助于推动机构决策，减少工人接触污染物，提高工人绩效、职业寿命和工作满意度。将提供匿名数据，以支持许多个人和社区驱动的需求，例如健康影响研究、反空转运动、学校下车政策和城市/交通规划。此外，该项目将有大量的外联工作，包括社区成员在消息制作、数据收集和解释方面的工作。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

High concentrations of energy use from fossil fuels can lead to poor air quality, resulting in adverse health effects as well as economic consequences. A prime example is found where large numbers of idling vehicles congregate (e.g., schools and hospital drop-off/pick-up zones), leading to microclimates of unhealthy air. Workers, such as valet parking attendants, can spend their entire workday in these microenvironments, and children passing through these zones can experience up to 60% higher levels of pollution than adults, because of their height. These vehicle-caused, poor-air-quality microclimates offer a compelling opportunity for communities to engage with emerging technologies to take ownership of their air and the behaviors that impact its quality. This project sociotechnical approach, called SmartAir, will synergistically integrate dynamic air-quality information with social-norm feedback to positively influence decisions that affect the well-being of vulnerable individuals working in or passing through polluted microenvironments. The feedback approach for decreasing idling mirrors the feedback provided by digital speed displays, which has been shown to positively influence driver behavior (reduced speeding) and thus reduce health-impacts of that behavior (reduced traffic accidents). The proposed pilot demonstrations will take place in Northern Utah, a region that periodically experiences the poorest air quality in the country. The project SmartAir employs a comprehensive community engagement approach — from the development of the sensing and display technologies to cocreation of culturally sensitive messaging, cooperatively conducted pilot studies, and efficacy evaluation.SmartAir will produce novel technological and behavioral-science developments. First, this project will develop wearable, calibrated, low-cost air quality sensing nodes that will support members of smart and connected communities to minimize pollution exposure. Second, this project will enable the rapid integration of sensor measurements with local meteorological information and data-screening algorithms to dynamically provide feedback to individuals about idling behavior and to workers that seek to minimize pollution exposure. Third, the SmartAir system will be integrated into behavior-change experiments and the co-creation of community-crafted messaging to influence individual choices. Comprehensive involvement of the community partners will be critical to co-develop and pilot solutions to address poor air quality and ultimately ensure a highly scalable and sustainable system. The broader impacts of this work are multifold, including the following. SmartAir will serve as a framework for closing the loop between air quality measurements and individual decision making. It will also help drive institutional decisions that reduce worker pollutant exposure and improve worker performance, career longevity, and job satisfaction. Anonymized data will be made available to support numerous personal and community-driven needs, such as health-effects studies, anti-idling campaigns, school drop-off policies, and urban/traffic planning. Additionally, this project will have a substantial outreach effort that involves community members in message crafting, data collection, and interpretation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.