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Collaborative Research: Recognition of Gender Stereotyping as a Determinant of Stereotype Assimilation and Contrast Effects Resulting from Subtle Bias Exposure in STEM

合作研究：认识到性别刻板印象是 STEM 中微妙偏见暴露导致的刻板印象同化和对比效应的决定因素

基本信息

批准号：
1954908
负责人：
Lorelle Meadows
金额：
$ 34.79万
依托单位：
Michigan Technological University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1954908&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Recognition Gender Stereotyping

项目摘要

Women have been historically underrepresented in STEM fields, and research evidence suggests that subtle gender bias occurs in many STEM settings, especially those where women continue to be underrepresented. Social psychological research has demonstrated the negative effects of perceived bias or becoming aware that one is the target of stereotyping and discrimination. This project will provide a novel contribution to and extension of the perceived bias research by proposing that simply witnessing instances of subtle gender bias can have differential effects on observers depending on whether they recognize the event as an instance of gender stereotyping. When witnesses observe stereotypic interactions but do not perceive them as instances of gender stereotyping, the interactions serve as a subtle stereotype cue that promotes stereotype-supporting outcomes. When witnesses to bias do recognize the stereotypic interactions as instances of gender stereotyping, the interactions serve as a blatant stereotype cue promoting stereotype-defying outcomes. The researchers will undertake a series of studies designed to experimentally test the effects of subtle vs. blatant stereotype activation (cued by witnessing bias on men and women in computer science and engineering contexts) focusing on performance, motivation, evaluation of peers, and group dynamics. The findings will inform ongoing and future intervention efforts aimed at raising awareness of and mitigating negative effects of gender bias in the STEM environment. The proposed project is a joint effort between the University of Michigan Ann Arbor and Michigan Technological University and is supported by the EHR Core Research (ECR) program, which supports work that advances fundamental research on STEM learning and learning environments, broadening participation in STEM, and STEM workforce development.This research effort will advance the discovery and understanding of mechanisms by which the presence of subtle gender bias influences the climate for men and women in STEM by specifically exploring process differences for blatant and implicit bias cues. The work will provide insight into the influences of these cues on performance and motivation among women, as well as the behaviors of men and women in groups and on teams. One strength of this work is the use of experimental methodology (i.e. randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to study the effects of witnessing subtle bias. Using RCTs provides a rigorous test of a causal relationship between exposure to subtle bias and its purported consequences. Moreover, this research project will also expand research and theory on the effects of experienced discrimination, by examining these effects on witnesses of bias, including men, with important downstream consequences. By exploring these relationships, the research will afford better understanding of how the awareness and attribution of subtle gender bias may modify outcomes for everyone in the setting. This understanding may inform ongoing and future intervention efforts aimed at raising awareness of and mitigating negative outcomes of gender bias in the STEM environment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

妇女在STEM领域的代表性历来偏低，研究证据表明，在许多STEM环境中出现了微妙的性别偏见，特别是在妇女继续代表性不足的环境中。社会心理学研究已经证明，感知偏见或意识到自己是刻板印象和歧视的目标会产生负面影响。该项目将对感知的性别偏见研究做出新的贡献和扩展，提出仅仅目睹微妙的性别偏见的例子就可以对观察者产生不同的影响，这取决于他们是否认为该事件是性别陈规定型的实例。当目击者观察到刻板印象的互动，但并不认为它们是性别刻板印象的实例时，这些互动作为一种微妙的刻板印象线索，促进了支持刻板印象的结果。当偏见的目击者确实认识到刻板印象的互动是性别刻板印象的例子时，这些互动就像是一种公然的刻板印象提示，促进了打破刻板印象的结果。研究人员将进行一系列研究，旨在通过实验测试微妙的刻板印象激活和公然的刻板印象激活的效果(通过在计算机科学和工程环境中目睹对男性和女性的偏见)，重点关注表现、动机、对同龄人的评估和团队动力。调查结果将为目前和未来旨在提高人们对STEM环境中性别偏见的认识并减轻其负面影响的干预工作提供信息。该项目由密歇根大学安娜堡分校和密歇根理工大学联合开展，并得到了EHR核心研究(ECR)计划的支持，该计划支持推进STEM学习和学习环境的基础研究，扩大对STEM的参与，以及STEM劳动力发展。这项研究将通过专门探索显性和隐性偏见线索的加工差异，促进对STEM中存在的细微性别偏见影响男性和女性气氛的机制的发现和理解。这项工作将深入了解这些线索对女性表现和动机的影响，以及男性和女性在团体和团队中的行为。这项工作的一个优点是使用实验方法(即随机对照试验(RCT))来研究见证细微偏见的影响。使用随机对照试验对暴露于微妙偏见及其所谓后果之间的因果关系进行了严格的检验。此外，这一研究项目还将扩大关于经历过的歧视的影响的研究和理论，审查这些对包括男性在内的偏见证人的影响，并产生重要的下游后果。通过探索这些关系，这项研究将更好地理解微妙的性别偏见的意识和归因如何改变环境中每个人的结果。这一理解可能会为正在进行的和未来旨在提高人们对STEM环境中性别偏见的认识并减轻其负面后果的干预努力提供参考。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。