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Collaborative Research: Recognition of Gender Stereotyping as a Determinant of Stereotype Assimilation and Contrast Effects Resulting from Subtle Bias Exposure in STEM

合作研究：认识到性别刻板印象是 STEM 中微妙偏见暴露导致的刻板印象同化和对比效应的决定因素

基本信息

批准号：
2000518
负责人：
Denise Sekaquaptewa
金额：
$ 84.27万
依托单位：
Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2000518&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Recognition Gender Stereotyping

项目摘要

Women have been historically underrepresented in STEM fields, and research evidence suggests that subtle gender bias occurs in many STEM settings, especially those where women continue to be underrepresented. Social psychological research has demonstrated the negative effects of perceived bias or becoming aware that one is the target of stereotyping and discrimination. This project will provide a novel contribution to and extension of the perceived bias research by proposing that simply witnessing instances of subtle gender bias can have differential effects on observers depending on whether they recognize the event as an instance of gender stereotyping. When witnesses observe stereotypic interactions but do not perceive them as instances of gender stereotyping, the interactions serve as a subtle stereotype cue that promotes stereotype-supporting outcomes. When witnesses to bias do recognize the stereotypic interactions as instances of gender stereotyping, the interactions serve as a blatant stereotype cue promoting stereotype-defying outcomes. The researchers will undertake a series of studies designed to experimentally test the effects of subtle vs. blatant stereotype activation (cued by witnessing bias on men and women in computer science and engineering contexts) focusing on performance, motivation, evaluation of peers, and group dynamics. The findings will inform ongoing and future intervention efforts aimed at raising awareness of and mitigating negative effects of gender bias in the STEM environment. The proposed project is a joint effort between the University of Michigan Ann Arbor and Michigan Technological University and is supported by the EHR Core Research (ECR) program, which supports work that advances fundamental research on STEM learning and learning environments, broadening participation in STEM, and STEM workforce development.This research effort will advance the discovery and understanding of mechanisms by which the presence of subtle gender bias influences the climate for men and women in STEM by specifically exploring process differences for blatant and implicit bias cues. The work will provide insight into the influences of these cues on performance and motivation among women, as well as the behaviors of men and women in groups and on teams. One strength of this work is the use of experimental methodology (i.e. randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to study the effects of witnessing subtle bias. Using RCTs provides a rigorous test of a causal relationship between exposure to subtle bias and its purported consequences. Moreover, this research project will also expand research and theory on the effects of experienced discrimination, by examining these effects on witnesses of bias, including men, with important downstream consequences. By exploring these relationships, the research will afford better understanding of how the awareness and attribution of subtle gender bias may modify outcomes for everyone in the setting. This understanding may inform ongoing and future intervention efforts aimed at raising awareness of and mitigating negative outcomes of gender bias in the STEM environment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

女性在STEM领域的历史代表性不足，研究证据表明，在许多STEM环境中存在微妙的性别偏见，特别是在女性仍然代表性不足的领域。社会心理学研究表明，感知到偏见或意识到自己是陈规定型观念和歧视的目标会产生负面影响。该项目将为感知偏见研究提供新的贡献和扩展，提出简单地目睹微妙的性别偏见实例可以对观察者产生不同的影响，这取决于他们是否将该事件视为性别刻板印象的实例。当目击者观察到刻板印象互动，但不将其视为性别刻板印象的实例时，这种互动就会成为一种微妙的刻板印象线索，促进支持刻板印象的结果。当偏见的目击者确实认识到刻板印象的互动是性别刻板印象的实例时，这种互动就会成为一种明显的刻板印象线索，促进刻板印象的反抗结果。研究人员将进行一系列的研究，旨在实验测试微妙的刻板印象激活和明显的刻板印象激活的影响（由在计算机科学和工程背景下对男性和女性的偏见引起），重点是表现、动机、对同伴的评价和群体动态。研究结果将为正在进行和未来的干预工作提供信息，旨在提高对STEM环境中性别偏见的认识并减轻其负面影响。拟议的项目是密歇根大学安娜堡分校和密歇根理工大学的共同努力，并得到了EHR核心研究（ECR）计划的支持，该计划支持推进STEM学习和学习环境的基础研究，扩大STEM参与和STEM劳动力发展。本研究将通过具体探索显性和隐性偏见线索的过程差异，促进对微妙性别偏见影响STEM中男性和女性氛围的机制的发现和理解。这项工作将深入了解这些线索对女性的表现和动机的影响，以及男性和女性在群体和团队中的行为。这项工作的一个优势是使用实验方法（即随机对照试验（rct））来研究目击微妙偏见的影响。使用随机对照试验提供了对暴露于微妙偏见与其声称的后果之间因果关系的严格测试。此外，该研究项目还将扩大关于经历过的歧视影响的研究和理论，通过研究这些对偏见证人（包括男性）的影响，以及重要的下游后果。通过探索这些关系，这项研究将更好地理解微妙的性别偏见的意识和归因如何改变环境中每个人的结果。这一理解可以为正在进行和未来的干预工作提供信息，旨在提高对STEM环境中性别偏见的认识并减轻其负面后果。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。