Lianas as a Keystone Guild in Tropical Forests: An Experimental Test

藤本植物作为热带森林的基石公会:一项实验测试

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2001799
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2020-07-01 至 2025-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Why is species diversity so remarkably high in tropical forests? Why don’t dominant competitors displace subordinate competitors, and thus, lower species diversity? These seemingly simple questions are critical for understanding how ecosystems function. Despite being core questions in the field of ecology, they remain unresolved. One promising explanation for the maintenance of tropical forest diversity is that there are guilds of important “keystone” species that maintain diversity by preventing the best competitor species from displacing subordinate competitor species. However, the keystone guild hypothesis has never been tested in tropical forests. In this study, the PI and collaborators will evaluate the keystone guild hypothesis as an explanation for the maintenance of the extraordinary tree species diversity in tropical forests. They will test the prediction that lianas (woody vines), which have a particularly strong negative effect on dominant tree species, prevent those dominant trees from displacing subordinate ones. They will utilize an ongoing, large-scale, long-term liana-exclusion experiment that the PI began in 2008. Species diversity affects ecosystem function, and therefore human and global health. Thus, this research will inform management decisions and ecosystem function in a highly diverse tropical forest. This study will also allow the PI to actively mentor promising students from groups that are underrepresented in science.The Keystone Species Concept (KSC) is a foundational theory to explain the maintenance of species diversity. The KSC has been tested primarily for predators in simplified marine communities; few studies have extended this concept beyond a single keystone species and beyond relatively simple communities. By expanding the KSC to include guilds, or groups of organisms with convergent life-history strategies, the KSC may be a powerful explanation for the maintenance of species diversity in many ecosystems. The PI will test the hypothesis that lianas are a keystone guild for the tropical tree community. Lianas compete intensely with trees, and recent evidence suggests that they suppress shade-tolerant tree populations more than shade-intolerant tree populations. By removing lianas, the established competitive balance among tree species (when lianas are present) may be altered, allowing the competitive dominant species to displace subordinate species and ultimately reducing tree community diversity. By comparing the change in tree species richness, diversity, and composition in the liana-removal and control plots (where lianas are present), the PI can, for the first time, determine whether lianas are a keystone guild that maintains tree species diversity in tropical forests.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
为什么热带森林的物种多样性如此之高?为什么占主导地位的竞争者不取代从属竞争者,从而降低物种多样性?这些看似简单的问题对于理解生态系统如何运作至关重要。尽管它们是生态学领域的核心问题,但它们仍然没有得到解决。维持热带森林多样性的一个有希望的解释是,有一些重要的“基石”物种协会,通过防止最好的竞争物种取代从属竞争物种来维持多样性。然而,Keystone行会假说从未在热带森林中得到检验。在这项研究中,PI和合作者将评估Keystone行会假说,作为对热带森林中保持非凡树木物种多样性的解释。他们将测试藤本植物(木本藤本植物)的预测,这种藤本植物对优势树种有特别强的负面影响,防止那些优势树木取代次要树木。他们将利用一项正在进行的大规模、长期的藤本植物排斥实验,该实验于2008年开始。物种多样性影响生态系统功能,从而影响人类和全球健康。因此,这项研究将为高度多样化的热带森林的管理决策和生态系统功能提供信息。这项研究还将允许PI积极指导来自科学界代表性不足的群体的有前途的学生。关键物种概念(KSC)是解释物种多样性维持的基础理论。KSC主要是在简化的海洋群落中测试捕食者;很少有研究将这一概念扩展到单一的Keystone物种和相对简单的群落之外。通过将KSC扩展到包括具有趋同生活史策略的行会或生物群,KSC可能是对许多生态系统中维持物种多样性的有力解释。PI将检验藤本植物是热带树木群落的基石行会的假设。藤本植物与树木竞争激烈,最近的证据表明,它们对耐荫树种的抑制作用大于对树荫不耐受的树种。通过去除藤本植物,树种之间已建立的竞争平衡(当存在藤本植物时)可能会改变,允许竞争优势物种取代从属物种,最终减少树木群落的多样性。通过比较藤本植物移除和控制区(藤本植物存在的地方)树木物种丰富度、多样性和组成的变化,PI可以第一次确定藤本植物是否是维持热带森林树种多样性的基石行会。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Lianas Significantly Reduce Aboveground and Belowground Carbon Storage: A Virtual Removal Experiment
藤本植物显着减少地上和地下碳储存:虚拟去除实验
  • DOI:
    10.3389/ffgc.2021.663291
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.2
  • 作者:
    Meunier, Félicien;van der Heijden, Geertje M.;Schnitzer, Stefan A.;De Deurwaerder, Hannes P.;Verbeeck, Hans
  • 通讯作者:
    Verbeeck, Hans
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Stefan Schnitzer其他文献

Global decoupling of functional and phylogenetic diversity in plant communities
植物群落中功能多样性和系统发育多样性的全球解耦
  • DOI:
    10.1038/s41559-024-02589-0
  • 发表时间:
    2024-12-03
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    14.500
  • 作者:
    Georg J. A. Hähn;Gabriella Damasceno;Esteban Alvarez-Davila;Isabelle Aubin;Marijn Bauters;Erwin Bergmeier;Idoia Biurrun;Anne D. Bjorkman;Gianmaria Bonari;Zoltán Botta-Dukát;Juan A. Campos;Andraž Čarni;Milan Chytrý;Renata Ćušterevska;André Luís de Gasper;Michele De Sanctis;Jürgen Dengler;Jiri Dolezal;Mohamed A. El-Sheikh;Manfred Finckh;Antonio Galán-de-Mera;Emmanuel Garbolino;Hamid Gholizadeh;Valentin Golub;Sylvia Haider;Mohamed Z. Hatim;Bruno Hérault;Jürgen Homeier;Ute Jandt;Florian Jansen;Anke Jentsch;Jens Kattge;Michael Kessler;Larisa Khanina;Holger Kreft;Filip Küzmič;Jonathan Lenoir;Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund;Ladislav Mucina;Alireza Naqinezhad;Jalil Noroozi;Aaron Pérez-Haase;Oliver L. Phillips;Valério D. Pillar;Gonzalo Rivas-Torres;Eszter Ruprecht;Brody Sandel;Marco Schmidt;Ute Schmiedel;Stefan Schnitzer;Franziska Schrodt;Urban Šilc;Ben Sparrow;Maria Sporbert;Zvjezdana Stančić;Ben Strohbach;Jens-Christian Svenning;Cindy Q. Tang;Zhiyao Tang;Alexander Christian Vibrans;Cyrille Violle;Donald Waller;Desalegn Wana;Hua-Feng Wang;Timothy Whitfeld;Georg Zizka;Francesco Maria Sabatini;Helge Bruelheide
  • 通讯作者:
    Helge Bruelheide

Stefan Schnitzer的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Stefan Schnitzer', 18)}}的其他基金

RAPID: Growth, Mortality, and Competition of Tropical Tree and Liana Species During an Extended Drought
快速:长期干旱期间热带树木和藤本植物的生长、死亡和竞争
  • 批准号:
    1822473
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Determining the Functional Basis for Increasing Liana Abundance in Neotropical Forests
确定增加新热带森林藤本植物丰度的功能基础
  • 批准号:
    1558093
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP)
研究生研究奖学金计划(GRFP)
  • 批准号:
    1452781
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Pathogen-mediated negative feedbacks determine tropical tree species abundance
合作研究:病原体介导的负反馈决定热带树种丰度
  • 批准号:
    1258070
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Do lianas alter carbon, nutrient, and water dynamics in tropical forests? A large-scale experimental test
合作研究:藤本植物会改变热带森林中的碳、养分和水动态吗?
  • 批准号:
    1019436
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: Explaining the Distribution and Dominance of Lianas and Tree Species - A Test of the Dry Season Advantage Hypothesis
职业:解释藤本植物和树种的分布和优势——旱季优势假说的检验
  • 批准号:
    0845071
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Dissertation Research: The Effects of Exotic-dominated Forest Communities on Ecosystem Productivity and Carbon Storage in Lowland Hawai'i
论文研究:外来主导森林群落对夏威夷低地生态系统生产力和碳储存的影响
  • 批准号:
    0808498
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Do Lianas Cause Chronic Disturbance and Alter Successional Trajectories in Tropical Forests?
藤本植物会造成慢性干扰并改变热带森林的演替轨迹吗?
  • 批准号:
    0613666
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 91.5万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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  • 批准号:
    81860197
  • 批准年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    35.0 万元
  • 项目类别:
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DISES:Restoration of a southwestern cultural keystone species: Integrating socio-ecological systems to predict resilience of traditional acorn harvest by western Apache communities
疾病:西南文化关键物种的恢复:整合社会生态系统来预测西部阿帕奇社区传统橡子收获的恢复力
  • 批准号:
    2206810
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  • 批准号:
    2325046
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    2022
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