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NSFGEO-NERC: Ancient life in moving fluids: elucidating the emergence of animal ecosystems

NSFGEO-NERC：流动液体中的古代生命：阐明动物生态系统的出现

基本信息

批准号：
2007928
负责人：
Simon Darroch
金额：
$ 33.51万
依托单位：
Vanderbilt University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2007928&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSFGEO NERC Ancient life moving

项目摘要

This is a project that is jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate of Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (UKRI/NERC) of the United Kingdom UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget and the investigators associated with its own investigators and component of the work.The fossil record shows that complex life first evolved in the oceans, 571 million to 541 million years ago. Understanding how, when, and why these organisms evolved, as well as their relationships to living animals, is crucial for deciphering the origins of modern biodiversity and ecosystems. However, key fossils from this time interval are poorly understood. This research project will analyze half-a-billion-year-old fossils using an innovative new approach that combines computer modeling and simulation with geological fieldwork. The results obtained will transform our understanding of the oldest animal fossils on Earth, filling critical gaps in our knowledge of the early evolution of life. In collaboration with teachers in Davidson Co., TN, this information will be used to create learning modules for teaching the basic tenets of evolution, adaptation, 3D modeling, and fluid dynamics to students in grades 11–12, which will be made freely available to the public, educators and students in the US and UK. The emergence of animal ecosystems during the late Ediacaran (~571–541 million years ago) was a pivotal episode in evolutionary history. However, most of these Ediacaran organisms disappeared immediately before the Cambrian, in what may represent the first mass extinction of complex life. There are thus two key questions that will provide fundamental insights into the origins of modern ecosystems: 1) where do Ediacaran organisms fit in the tree of life? And, 2) what drove their extinction prior to the onset of the Cambrian? We will address these questions by combining new data collected during fieldwork with computational fluid dynamics and fluid–structure interaction simulations performed on both individual organisms and whole communities. This project will improve knowledge of the early evolution of complex ecosystems, while at the same time pioneering the development of a rigorous new approach for examining how marine organisms evolved in response to moving fluids. In addition to facilitating international research collaboration, the PI team will work together with local high school teachers in Rutherford County, Tennessee, to produce learning modules focused on 3-D modeling and fluid dynamics, suitable for communicating key evolutionary principals to school students (16–18 years old) in the US and UK.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这是一个由国家科学基金会地球科学理事会（NSF/GEO）和联合王国国家环境研究理事会（UKRI/NERC）通过NSF/GEO-NERC牵头机构协议共同资助的项目。该协议允许美国/英国提交一份联合提案，并由研究者拥有最大预算比例的机构进行同行评审。一旦成功地共同确定了一项奖励，每个机构就为预算的一部分和与自己的调查人员和工作组成部分有关的调查人员提供资金。化石记录表明，复杂的生命首次在海洋中进化，是在5. 71亿至5. 41亿年前。了解这些生物是如何、何时以及为什么进化的，以及它们与现存动物的关系，对于破译现代生物多样性和生态系统的起源至关重要。然而，这个时间段的关键化石却知之甚少。该研究项目将使用一种创新的新方法分析5亿年前的化石，该方法将计算机建模和模拟与地质实地工作相结合。研究结果将改变我们对地球上最古老的动物化石的理解，填补我们对生命早期进化知识的关键空白。与戴维森公司的教师合作，TN，这些信息将用于创建学习模块，用于向11-12年级的学生教授进化，适应，3D建模和流体动力学的基本原理，这些模块将免费提供给美国和英国的公众，教育工作者和学生。埃迪卡拉纪晚期（约5.71 - 5.41亿年前）动物生态系统的出现是进化史上的一个关键事件。然而，大多数埃迪卡拉纪生物在寒武纪之前就消失了，这可能代表了复杂生命的第一次大规模灭绝。因此，有两个关键问题将为现代生态系统的起源提供基本的见解：1）埃迪卡拉生物在生命树中的位置？2）在寒武纪开始之前，是什么导致了它们的灭绝？我们将解决这些问题，通过结合在野外工作中收集的新数据与计算流体动力学和流体结构相互作用模拟进行的生物个体和整个社区。该项目将增进对复杂生态系统早期演变的了解，同时开创一种严格的新方法，以研究海洋生物如何对流动的液体作出反应。除了促进国际研究合作外，PI团队还将与田纳西州卢瑟福县的当地高中教师合作，制作专注于3D建模和流体动力学的学习模块，适合向学生传达关键的进化原理（16-18岁）该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的评估，被认为值得支持。影响审查标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（11）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Pentaradial eukaryote suggests expansion of suspension feeding in White Sea-aged Ediacaran communities.

DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-83452-1
发表时间：
2021-02-18
期刊：
Scientific reports
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Cracknell K;García-Bellido DC;Gehling JG;Ankor MJ;Darroch SAF;Rahman IA
通讯作者：
Rahman IA

Orientations of Mistaken Point Fronds Indicate Morphology Impacted Ability to Survive Turbulence

错误的点叶方向表明形态影响了湍流生存能力

DOI：
10.3389/feart.2021.762824
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Frontiers in Earth Science
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Vixseboxse, Philip B.;Kenchington, Charlotte G.;Dunn, Frances S.;Mitchell, Emily G.
通讯作者：
Mitchell, Emily G.

Causes and consequences of end-Ediacaran extinction – an update