CNH2-L: Human waste and its role in creating at an integrated socioenvironmental system at an urban-wilderness continuum.

抗生素耐药性和食源性疾病构成不断升级的公共卫生危机，农业生产系统被确定为一个关键控制点。然而，即使在远离农业生产的偏远地区，抗生素耐药性和食源性病原体也在增加，而我们对农产品产生的人类食物浪费如何导致抗生素耐药性和食源性病原体在景观中的移动的了解很少。该项目调查了人类食物浪费如何促进抗生素耐药性和食源性病原体的传播，以及我们如何在社会环境系统中管理这些相互作用。它将创造关于这些问题的新的理论和实践知识，并创造新的预测工具，可用于管理与农业有关的耐抗生素食源性病原体的传播。项目目标包括：1)产生跨规模、多部门的纵向数据集；2)确定关键的系统过程、相互作用、反馈和控制点；3)开发可推广的新知识、理论和工具，可用于预测和预测城市规划、废物管理、可持续发展、公共卫生和土地管理方面的管理需求。从这项工作中发展出来的工具将有助于管理农产品的零售和运输、人类食物垃圾，以及在城市和受保护的景观中清除野生动物。与该项目有关的教育和培训活动将支持培养新一代研究人员，重点研究与自然-人耦合系统有关的问题。抗生素耐药性和食源性疾病暴发是美国和全球重大的公共卫生威胁和日益严峻的环境挑战；然而，我们对推动抗生素耐药食源性病原体在社会环境系统中传播的非线性过程缺乏清楚的认识，包括在没有商业农业的偏远地区。该项目将促进对以下方面的理解：1)农产品运输和人类食物垃圾处理是否以及如何驱动新型抗生素耐药性，食源性病原体的引入和传播；2)不同空间，时间和生物尺度上的相互作用和反馈是否以及如何影响人类和动物群落的健康以及综合社会环境系统内部和之间的生态系统功能。来自水生和陆地景观的实地数据将与实验室研究相结合，这些研究将提供给生物经济建模框架，以捕获人类决策、动物群落动态、环境条件、抗生素耐药性、食源性病原体传播和健康影响之间的反馈循环。该框架将用于检验假设，描述相互作用和新出现的现象，并确定关键的杠杆点，以通过综合社会环境系统阻止与食物浪费相关的耐抗生素食源性病原体的传播。总的来说，这项研究促进了对自然-人类耦合系统中疾病传播和抗生素耐药性的理解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Antibiotic resistance and foodborne disease present an escalating public health crisis, with agriculture production systems identified as a critical control point. However, antibiotic resistance and foodborne pathogens are increasing even in remote locations far from agricultural production, and our understanding of how human food waste from agricultural products may contribute to the movement of antibiotic resistance and foodborne pathogens across landscapes is meager. This project investigates how human food waste contributes to the movement of antibiotic resistance and foodborne pathogens and how we can manage these interactions across socioenvironmental systems. It will create new theoretical and practical knowledge regarding these issues and create new forecasting tools that can be used to manage the spread of agricultural-associated antibiotic resistant, foodborne pathogens. Project goals include: 1) Producing cross-scale, multisector longitudinal data sets, 2) Identifying key system processes, interactions, feedbacks, and control points, and 3) Developing new knowledge, theory, and tools that are generalizable and can be used to predict and forecast management needs in urban planning, waste management, sustainable development, public health, and land management. Tools evolving from this work will be useful for managing the retail sale and movement of agricultural products, human food waste, and scavenging wildlife across urban and protected landscapes. The educational and training activities associated with this project will support the development of a new generation of researchers focused on issues related to coupled natural-human systems.Antibiotic resistance and foodborne disease outbreaks are a significant public health threat and growing environmental challenge in the United States and across the globe; however, we lack clear understanding of the non-linear processes that drive the dissemination of antibiotic resistant, foodborne pathogens across socio-environmental systems, including within remote landscapes without commercial agriculture. This project will advance understanding regarding: 1) if and how transportation of agricultural products and human food waste disposal drives novel antibiotic resistant, foodborne pathogen introduction and dispersal, and 2) if and how interactions and feedbacks at different spatial, temporal, and biological scales influence the health of human and animal communities and ecosystem function within and between integrated socio-environmental systems. Field data from aquatic and terrestrial landscapes will be integrated with laboratory studies that feed into a bioeconomic modeling framework to capture feedback loops among human decisions, animal community dynamics, environmental conditions, antibiotic resistance, foodborne pathogen transmission, and health impacts. This framework will be used to test hypotheses, characterize interactions and emergent phenomena, and identify critical leverage points to halt the transmission of food waste-associated antibiotic resistant foodborne pathogens through integrated socio-environmental systems. Overall, this research advances understanding of disease transmission and antibiotic resistance in coupled natural-human systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.